THE JOINT-WORM. 
561 
The only practicable method of destroying the insects 
is to burn the stubble containing them. All the straw 
and refuse, which is unfit for fodder, should likewise be 
consumed, because it will be found occasionally to contain 
a small amount of diseased portions of the straw. Some 
of these may remain among the grain itself, being too 
heavy to be separated by the process of winnowing. These 
will have to be picked out by hand. Moreover, as some 
few of the insects are transformed to flies durino; the first 
summer, and these will suffice to continue the race, it 
becomes important that all the means above recommended 
should be continued during several successive years; and 
when these are universally, carefully, and’ thoroughly put 
in practice, they can hardly fail to exterminate the Eury- 
toma, A free use of manure and thorough tillage, by 
promoting a rapid and vigorous growth of the plant, may 
render it less liable to suffer from the attacks of the insect. 
Large fields, well seeded, will probably escape better than 
those that are smaller and thinner sown, in which the 
insects, when about to lay their eggs, can penetrate easily 
and to a greater distance 
[2 In the “American Agriculturist,” New York, August, 1861, p. 235, Dr. Fitch 
reasserts the opinion that this is the “joint-worm,” and enumerates four distinct 
species, viz.: — 
'■'■Euryioma hordei, Harris (the black-legged or Massachusetts barley-fly). It 
has the shanks of all the legs black.” 
Eurytorna fulvipes, Fitch, Jour. N. Y. St. Ag. Soc., Vol. IX. p. 115 (the yellow¬ 
legged or New York barley-fly). It has all the shanks and thighs of a tawny-yel¬ 
low or pale orange hue.” 
Eurytoma tritici, Fitch, Jour. N. Y. St. Ag. Soc., Vol. IX. p. 115 (the joint- 
worm fly). It has the shanks of the forward legs pale yellow, and the others black.” 
^^Eurytoma secalis^ Fitch, new species (the rye-fly). It has the fore and hind 
shanks pale yellow, and the middle ones black.” This is very abundant in Con¬ 
necticut, and without doubt in all the Eastern States. — Noetox.J 
71 
