STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY 
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Washita Shales, Shumard. (Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Vol. 
I, p. 583, 1857.) 
Wingate Sandstone, Dutton. (Sixth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. 
Surv., p. 136, 1885.) 
Winslow Shales. Title is given to the third shale bed of Ward’s 
Moenkopian series, exposed in the Rio Chiquito Colorado valley, 
at the mouth of the Rio Puerco, in Navajo and Coconino Counties. 
Wompats Limestones. Name is assigned to the highly fossili- 
ferous, white, subcrystalline limestones immediately underlying 
the surface of the Kaibab Plateau. Wompats Spring is northeast 
of the great Shinumo Amphitheatre. 
Yampai Sandstones. The name is proposed for the red, friable 
sandstones particularly distinguishing the middle section of the 
Supian series, and outcropping in the Yampai Cliffs, or southern 
extension of the Grand Wash Cliffs, in western Arizona. 
Zunian Series, Dutton. (Sixth Ann. Rept., U. S. Geol. Surv., 
p. 137, 1885.) 
Keyes 
Diastrophic Aspect of Aux Vases Sandstone. In southeastern 
Iowa there appear in the old surface of the Early Carbonic plat¬ 
form many old stream gorges, which are now filled with massive 
sandstones and conglomerates. Without much questioning, or cri¬ 
tical examination, these areanceous beds commonly are relegated 
to the Coal Measures, being regarded as basal sandstones of that 
succession. 
It is by no means certain that all of these so-called basal sand¬ 
stones really belong strictly to the Coal Measures. Recent obser¬ 
vations and considerations seem to point to the circumstance that 
some of the gorge-sandstones may eventually prove to be consid¬ 
erably older. The facts that many of them are channel deposits, 
laid down in narrow valleys 100 feet, or more in depth, that there 
is frequent presence of notable unconformity planes above them, 
and that the recent determination of the highest recognizable Early 
Carbonic strata beneath them to be of the same age as the Gene¬ 
vieve Limestone, a phase later than that represented by the St. Louis 
limestone, suggest the probability of these old sandstones being 
not Coal Measures in age, but equivalent to some part of the Kas- 
