GLACIAL BORDER OF SPOKANE 
365 
miles southeast of Spokane. The presence of this outlet alone is 
not at all convincing proof of the existance of a Glacial lake as 
it might readily have been connected with the drainage distur¬ 
bances of the Tertic Period, but the presence of a large quartzite 
boulder lying beside the road in the west branch of the “outlet,” 
one mile west of the village of Mica, carries conviction to the 
writer, as it seems also to have done to Professor Bretz who, 
later, found it independently. This boulder is angular except 
at one end which is worn very smooth. 
The two branches of the Mica outlet come together in California 
Creek, which flows into Latah (Hangman) Creek at Duncan. At 
this point there seems to have been an obstruction, for the water 
of Latah Creek found an outlet nine or ten miles further up, by 
cutting through the Palouse soil at what is now the head of North 
Pine Creek, and thence passed southwestward by Pine Creek 
Valley to enter Rock Lake. 
The southern and western limits of glaciation in Washington 
have not been studied by the writer in detail, and this problem 
is cheerfully turned over to Mr. Pardee of the U. S. Geological 
Survey and to Professor Bretz, who have been making investi¬ 
gations along this line during the past summer. However, it 
seems clear that the ice field extended southward unbroken as 
far as the range of hills (above described) to the north of Cheney 
but apparently did not go over the tops of these hills. A tongue 
of ice on the east of this range lay between Fish Lake and Moran 
Mountain as shown by its effect in obstructing Latah (Hangman) 
Creek, and diverting its waters to Pine Creek, and by the ice- 
effects to be seen against the hill at Fish Lake, by the ground 
moraine near Marshall, and the lateral moraine at Cheney. How 
much further to the southwest the ice extended is not known to 
the writer. Whether ice or water was the agency doing the work 
through the gaps between the hills at Four Lakes, Granite Lake, 
and between Clear Lake and Medical Lake evidence at hand is not 
conclusive. Investigation of the hills from Fish Lake to Granite 
Lake show no evidence of ice action over 150 feet above the 
basalt of the valley floor. 
Whether the later glaciation in the Little Spokane Valley is a 
stage in the retreat of the Great Glacier, a separate time of gla- 
