THE ASCOMYCETES OF OHIO V 
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usually pale below and brown above; paraphyses simple or branched; spores 
brown, 4-celled, 8 in each ascus. 
The algal-host cells occur as in Peltigera 
1. Nephroma Helvetica Ach. Lich. Univ. 523. 1810. 
Thallus adnate, rather closely attached to the substratum by numer¬ 
ous short, hyaline, thick-walled rhizoids, irregular or sometimes orbicular 
in form, 6 to 10 cm. in diameter, green-gray to brown above, smooth or 
bearing tooth-like branchlets, narrowly and laciniately lobed, the margins 
of the lobes serrate or crenate, slightly ascending, beneath finally tomentose, 
and brown or black-brown; plectenchymatous cortices well developed above 
and below; medulla of narrow, thin-walled, densely, variously disposed hy- 
phae; apothecia numerous, the disk red-brown to almost black, 1.3 to 3 mm. 
in diameter; hypothecium of interwoven hyphae, pale brown; hymenium 
pale brown below and darker above; asci clavate; paraphyses simple or 
branched, slightly swollen and brown at the apex; spores brown, ellipsoid, 
4-celled, 15 to 21 mic. long and 5.5 to 8 mic. wide. 
Examined from Butler and Champaign Counties. On trunks and 
mossy rocks. Rare and usually sterile in Ohio. 
