212 
PROFESSOR KARL PEARSOK, MATHEMATICAL 
While M. Maxou^^eier’s male mean does not differ widely from onrs, his female 
mean is '9 centim. greater. His range for male stature covers 6’8 centims., and for 
female stature 7‘2 centims., as compared with our 4’9 and 5*5 centims. respectively. 
But the amount of this range in both cases is veiy significant considering the large 
number of bones averaged. While our formulm applied to the Aino gave very self- 
accordant results except in the case of the radius, we notice here considerable 
divergences. In particular, the order of the bones arranged in order of increasing stature, 
which is nearly the same in both sexes, is very different for the corresponding order 
for the Aino. The Naqada people for their stature have a remarkably small humerus, 
and although the Aino could hardly be separated more from the French by civilisation 
and locality, yet they could be derived from a common stock with the French by far 
less direct selection of the long bones, than would be possible in the case of the French 
and the Naqada races. This Egyptian race was a tall race—not as tall as the English 
commonalty—but taller than the better French classes and 2’5 centims. taller than 
the mean of the French army. The sexual ratio, 1’074, was less than that of the 
modern European (about L080), and this is in keeping with tlie greater equality in size 
observable in primitive and early races. On the whole it may be questioned whether 
any two modern races would give such divergence m character as the Naqada and 
Erench. We see not only the radius, as in the case of the Aino, but the humerus as 
a source of divergence, and so far as the lengths of those long bones are concerned, it 
would be easier to look upon the Ainos and French than upon the Haqada people and 
French as local races deduced from a common stock. If they have sprung ultimately 
from such a stock, there has been a very significant amount of direct selection. 
There is, however, an interesting point which the Naqada people share with the Ainos 
—the judgment of stature from the radius is excessive. This peculiarity of early 
and primitive races is one which the table on p. 202 shows that they share, of course 
in a much less marked manner, with the anthropomorphous apes. It wfiU later be 
seen to be a feature of other primitive and early peoples. 
(17.) Protohistoric Races. 
My next group covers to some extent the ground which precedes 1000 a.d.— 
roughly, the beginning of the Middle x4.ges. 
{a.) Dr. Beddoe gives femur measurements for the Bound Barrow population of 
Britain,'" as follows ; 
Male F = 47"75 centims., mean for 27, 
Female F = 44*91 ,, ,, 2. 
We find at once from (a) : 
Stature Male = 171T centims.. Female = 160’2 centims. 
Sexual ratio d/? = 1'068. 
* ‘ Journal of the Anthropological Institute,’ yoI. 17, 1887, p. 209. 
