94 
OHIO BIOLOGICAL SURVEY 
Distribution: New York to Ohio, South Dakota, Texas, and 
Louisiana; also in Europe. 
Illustrations: PL X, f. 1-5; Mem. Torrey Club 11: pi., 9. f., 1-4. 
Type Locality: Italy. 
Distinctive Character: Spores consisting of a fertile cell at each 
end of a long twisted filament. 
Notes: The smaller dimensions given for the asci represent measurements taken from slightly 
immature ones while the larger dimensions were from mature swollen forms. This species is very 
variable. Occasionally fertile cells were found which were very narrow and oval in outline. Some¬ 
times only one fertile cell is developed, in which case it is very large and irregular in shape. Some 
spores were found in which the entire filament joining the ferule cells had been transformed into a 
brown solid structure resembling that of the spore proper Occasionally spores were found with 
many secondary appendages covering the entire distal half of the fertile cells. 
Plants cultivated in the laboratory, Feb. 1, 1917, on cow dung collected by Fred Brater, at 
Summit, near Cincinnati, Sept. 28, 1914, and June 22, 1917, on horse dung collected by the author 
near McGonigles, Oct. 13, 1916. 
8. Pleurage vestita (Zopf) D. Griff. Mem. Torrey Club 11: 76. 1901. 
Sordaria vestita Zopf, Zeits. Naturw. 56: 556. 1883. 
Podospora vestita Wint. in Rab. Krypt. FI. I 2 : 176. 1887. 
Perithecia scattered, usually more or less sunken, but often quite 
superficial, pyriform with a black, bare, curved or straight, cylindric beak, 
525-700x350-440 mic., black above but light-green below, especially in 
the sunken portions which are so transparent that the asci and spores can 
be seen rather distinctly, thin, membranous, usually with a dense growth 
of branched, septate, light-brown mycelium, composed of hyphae 2 mic. in 
diameter and covering the perithecia up to the beak; paraphyses simple, 
ventricose, soon shriveling, longer than the asci, evanescent; asci clavate, 
contracted and rounded above and tapering below into a medium-sized, 
straight or crooked pedicel, 275-375x60-80 mic. expanded, or 185-240x27- 
.5-45 mic. not expanded, 8-spored, evanescent; spores 2-seriate, 4 and 4 
or 5 and 3, ranging from hyaline when young through olivaceous to dark- 
brown and opaque, ellipsoid to ovoid, 25-40x15-25 mic., with a cylindric 
primary appendage below as long as the spore or slightly longer, which is 
tipped with from 1 to 4, usually 4, long, gelatinous appendages similar to 
the 4 found at the apex of the spore. 
Habitat: On dung of horses, cows, sheep, rabbits, and pigs; also on 
wheat-straw and dead culms of Eleocharis. 
Distribution: New York to Ohio, Oregon, Arizona, and Louisiana; 
also in Europe. 
Illustrations: PI. X, f. 6-7 and pi. XI, f. 1-6; Mem. Torrey Club 
11: pi. 9, f. 5-8. 
Type Locality: Europe. 
Distinctive Characters: Light-brown mycelium and the 4 gelatinous 
secondary spore appendages at both the apex of each spore and the tip of 
its primary appendage. 
Note: Plants cultivated in the laboratory, Dec. 16, 1916, on horse dung, collected by Bruce 
Fink, at Mason, Aug. 10, 1914; Jan. 20, 1917, on wheat-straw collected by the author, near Georgetown, 
Dec. 3, 1916; and May 1, 1917, on horse dung collected by Chas. R. Stevenson, at Stout, Jan. 1, 1917. 
