IB 
latitude, and this within so short or moderate a distance of shipping places as to 
render it easily accessible to foreign traffic.” 
The forest area, South of the tropics, is included within the parallels of 
South latitudes 31° to 35°, but very little good timber of any size is found nearer 
the coast than five to seven miles. As a fact, it may be stated that a belt of forest 
land exists between the latitudes above mentioned, in some places extending in¬ 
land for 100 miles, but the best jarrah wood is found in the hill ranges, and not 
Hearer than 15 or 20 miles from the coast, and of this the areas occupied by the 
principal Euealvpti are: — 
Square miles. 
White Gum or Tuart (Eucalyptus gomphocephala) ... 10,000 
Jarrah (E uealyptus margiuata). 14,000 
Karri (Eucalyptus drversicolor)... ... ... ... 2,300 
Red Gum (Eucalyptus calophylla) ... ... ... 800 
York Gum (Eucalyptus doxophleba) ... ... ... 2,400 
The White Gum grows generally in all forests, excepting in that part of the 
Colony where Karri abounds. It is, however, found in the greatest profusion 
Eastward of the Darling Range. The wood is used for many purposes in the 
Colony, being as good for resisting dry-rot as Jarrah, but it does not appear as an 
article of export. 
GEOGNOSY. 
A GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE COUNTRY. 
The Kimberley District. 
The whole of the country, North of a line which runs in an Easterly direction, 
from the Eighty-Mile Beach’to the borders of the Northern Territory of South 
Australia is (jailed the Kimberley district. 
To the Eastward and South-Eastward of King’s Sound, large undulating 
plains of alluvium, sand, and sandstone gradually rise towards the Leopold 
Ranges, These plains are broken here and there along the Fitzroy River by 
W hills of sandstones, grits, and conglomerates of Carboniferous age, but the 
Main portion is mapped by Mr. Hardman as Tertiary. 
The Leopold Range is formed of the oldest rocks known in the district, viz 
quartzites, altered grits, schists, and gneiss, flanked on the South-West face by 
limestones, which are often Magnesian, of Carboniferous age; it runs in a North¬ 
west and South-East direction, attaining an elevation of from 1,500 to 2,000 feet 
, Hbov (i the sea le vel. 
After passing the Southern extremity of this range the grassy alluvial plains 
disappear, the country ‘becoming rocky and hilly. To the Northward is the 
Mueller Range, a spur of the Leopold running in a North-Easterly direction, while 
111 a South-Westerly direction there is an undulating sandstone country, from 
^bicli rise numerous low-rounded or conical hills, mostly of granite or metamor- 
phic rock. Further South can be seen rugged limestone hills succeeded by fiat- 
J°pped hills, apparently of Carboniferous age, which seem to rise to a considerable 
Height, and form quite prominent objects in the landscape. 
_ From the Margaret Plain, which is 300 feet above sea level, the country rises 
rapidly towards the Albert Edward Range, which is formed of Devonian rocks, in 
^'ich some peaks attain an elevation of 1,170 to 1,650 feet. Between the Margaret 
Uver and this range are a series of slates, grits, and sandstones, which m p aces 
Ior Hi lines of hills that are intersected by numerous quartz reefs, many ol which 
ar ° rich in gold. 
