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Tail Race. —A channel for carrying away dirty water. 
Talc. A very soft mineral consisting of silica, magnesia, and water. It 
usually occurs in flakes of a greenish colour, is flexible, and has a greasy feel. 
Massive form called soapstone or steatite. 
Talus. — The sloping mounds of detritus which accumulate at the base of 
cliffs. 
Tamping. —Filling, or the material used in filling a drill hole in which an 
explosive is placed. 
Tappets or Tongue. — A wedge used to secure the lifter on to the stamper. 
Teary Ground.— Ground easily broken and worked. 
Temper. —To reduce the hardness of steel by gently heating. 
Tenacity. —The adhesion possessed by a substance or its toughness. 
Tertiary. — Cainozoic. A series of rock more recent than the secondary. 
Terra-cotta. — Pottery made from a fine brick earth. 
Thermal.— Hot springs are allied thermal. 
Throw. —The displacement of the strata due to a fault. 
Thrust. —A creep. 
Tile Ore. — An earthy indurated incrustation of an oxide of copper and iron. 
Titaniferous. —Compounds of titanic acid. 
Toad Stone.— Interbedded veins of trap rock in the mountain limestone. 
Ton.— Long ton, 2,2401bs.; short ton, 2,0001bs; 50 cubic feet of wood or 13 
cubic feet of quartz. 
Tormentor. — A wooden roller studded with spikes; used for puddling. 
Touchstone (Lydian Stone). —A black flinty slate used for testing gold. 
Tourmaline.—Schorl. — A black mineral often mistaken for tin. 
Trachyte.—A volcanic rock of a coarse cellular composition having a rough 
or gritty feel. 
Transmit. — The power of letting light through. 
Trap or Trappean.— Igneous rocks that have cooled down under only slight 
pressure. 
Travertine.—A surface limestone deposit, often nodular. 
Trend. —The course of a vein. 
Tribute.— An agreement entered into between working miners and owner, by 
which the former are to give the latter a certain percentage of the ore raised. 
Trouble. —A fault or throw. 
Trough Fault. — When a portion of the strata is thrown down between two 
adjacent faults. 
True Lode. —A fissure vein. 
Tucker. —A term used to denote that a miner is only making enough to keep 
him in food. 
Tufa. —A soft limestone rock deposited by water. 
Tungstate.—A compound of tungsten. 
Turbine. — A wheel turned by water. 
