* The National Institutes of Health assume responsibility 
for developing and operating a primate users' service on a 
national scale (page 14). 
II. Action must be taken to sufficiently expand domestic primate 
production to ensure a continuous, stable, and long-term supply 
of primates required by essential health activities (page 16). 
Reduction in supplies of imported primates have resulted in some major 
governmental efforts to develop domestic primate production colonies. 
These colonies, together with the numerous small breeding colonies 
operated by research institutions to meet their own needs, are insuf¬ 
ficient. It is, therefore, recommended that: 
* a nationally coordinated program of domestic primate 
production be established (page 18). 
It is not practical to meet all requirements for all species from do¬ 
mestic breeding. In the case of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta ), 
however, the domestic production program must provide for practically 
all of the nation's needs. Production of the cynomolgus monkey (^. 
fascicularis ) must be increased also, in order to meet an increasing 
proportion of estimated needs. Each primate species needed in essential 
health activities requires a minimum of two general-purpose production 
colonies. It is, therefore, recommended that: 
* in addition to existing colonies, a series of general- 
purpose domestic production colonies and a large number 
of special-purpose colonies (dictated by the needs of a 
particular research project or program), with limited 
production goals but with, possibly, less-commonly used 
species, be designed and established according to the 
criteria presented on page 19 of this plan. 
* the production of rhesus monkeys in general-purpose 
colonies be expanded to provide 9,000 animals per 
year, and that the general-purpose production of 
cynomolgus monkeys be supported at a level to pro 
duce at least 3,000 annually. 
* additional colonies should include, as a minimum, the 
following: 
Additional Colonies 
Minimum Annual 
Output Level 
Refer 
Species 
Required 
Per Colony f 
to Page 
Saguinus mystax 
2 
100 
57 to 58 
Callithrix jacchus 
2 
100 
59 to 60 
Cercopithecus aethiops 
2 
100 
65 
Aotus trivirgatus 
1 
150 
61 
Sanguinus oedipus 
1 
150 
57 to 58 
vi 
