1867.] 169 
NOTE ON THE GENUS PANDORA (DIUENAL LEPIDOPTERA). 
BY H. W. BATES, F.Z.S. 
When Professor Westwood first defined this peculiarly-coloured 
genus of butterflies in Doubleday and Hewitson's " Genera of Diurnal 
Lepidoptera" in 1850, it consisted only of one species, then extremely 
rare, P. Prola. Since then, in 1853, Mr. Hewitson figured a second 
species, P. Procilla, in his " Exotic Butterflies," and a third, as the 
female of Procilla, from which an examination of several specimens 
has convinced me it is quite distinct, not only in colours and markings, 
but in the form of the antennal club ; all the specimens examined 
moreover, proving to be males. These three species are found in the 
valleys of New Granada. Recently, in the " Journal of Entomology," 
vol. ii., p. 213, I have described, from a single example taken by myself 
on the Amazons, a fourth species, P. Begina ; and I have lately 
received, from Pebas on the Amazons, a numerous series, not only of 
P, Regina and P. Prola, but of another new species, allied to Procilla. 
This last I propose now to describe, besides adding a few remarks on 
the other members of the group. 
The genus, so far as is at present known, is confined in its geo- 
graphical range to the sultriest portion of the wooded country of 
South America, lying near the equator, east of the Andes, and in the 
neighbouring Andean valleys. The range does not extend to the 
Atlantic coast, to Brazil or Guiana, and I am not aware that it com- 
prehends Venezuela. In ascending the Amazons, I first met with 
species of the genus at a point 1,800 miles up the river, and one species 
has been recorded as reaching as far in another direction as the Upper 
Eio Negro. The large size, glossy metallic-green and black colours, 
and vermiUion under-surfaces, make them most conspicuous objects ; 
and they are easily captured, as they have the habit of flying into the 
muddy Indian villages, and settling boldly on the whitewashed walls. 
Although the diflerences between the species are not of that marked 
character which we see in many other genera of Nymphalidce, I have 
been forced to the conclusion that they are none the less really distinct, 
from the constancy of the characters in all the examples I have seen, 
and from the total absence of intermediate forms in localities where 
three of the species occur abundantly together, as at Pebas on the 
Amazons. 
The genus is allied to Batesia (Eelder), and Ageronia (Bdv.), and 
forms part of the group of Nymplialidce of which Limenitis may be 
considered the type. To Batesia it is very closely allied, but is well 
