54 
MR. F. C. PENROSE ON THE ORIENTATION OF CERTAIN 
great to be accounted for by the movement of the same star, the orientation 
angle shown by the foundations of the older structure being 309° 37' and of the later 
temple 296° 56'. The former is turned so much to the south of east that the sun, at 
its absolute rising from the sea-level towards which the front is turned, could not 
have shone centrally into the sanctuary, but the axis lies so near to the limiting 
aiigle of sunrise at the winter solstice that it could hardly have had any other 
intention than the admission of an early sunbeam. All that is necessary to assume 
is that in this case, as in some others, it was the northern jamb of the eastern 
doorway instead of the axis that was offered to the sunrise, and that also a small 
amount of provision was made for the very probable case of the sea horizon at the 
winter solstice being partially blocked by clouds, and that the effect of sunrise was 
looked for when it had attained a moderate altitude, which I have assumed to have 
been 4°. (I had supposed an analogous amount of solar altitude in the very similar 
case of extreme southern orientation at the temple near San Sansoni, at Meta- 
pontum.) In this case the wider intercolumniations of an Ionic temple permit a 
greater extension of the amplitude than would have been allowable in a Doric 
temple. 
Locri —Latitude 38° 12' 21". 
Name of temple. 
Orientation 
angle. 
Stellar 
elements. 
Solar 
elements. 
Name of 
star. 
The ancient 
309" 36' 
A 
Amplitude of star 
+ 35° 12' W. 
-34° 44' E. 
/i Gemino- 
temple 
or sun 
rum, set- 
B 
Corresponding alti- 
4° 
4° 
ting 
tude 
C 
Declination 
+ 29° 40' 
-23° 47' 
D 
Hour angles . 
7’’ 21'" 
51' 36'" 
E 
Depression of sun 
10 ° 
when star heliacal 
F 
R. A. 
5'' 3'" 
1S>' 
Apjn’oximate date . 
610 B.C., 
Dec. 21 
If the sun’s depression had been 11° 9', the date would he 770 b.c. 
Locri—The later 
296° 56' 
A 
Amplitude of star 
+ 26° 57' W. 
0 
1 
ft Tauri, set- 
temple 
or sun 
tino- 
B 
Corresponding alti- 
3° 
0 ° 
tude 
C 
Declination 
+ 22° 50' 
- 20 ° 51' 
1 ) 
Hour angles . 
711 o«i 
5>' 57'" 
E 
Depression of sun 
12 ° 11 ' 
when star heliacal 
F 
R. A. 
311 2 >ii 
15’' 59"' 
G 
Approximate date . 
430 B.C., 
Nov. 23 
It is possible that, considering the lateness of the year, the sunrise might here 
