1867 .] 
AMERICAN AORIC C LTURIST. 
439 
high, b<?arlng T1 well devclopcU and pcrfccUy rlponed 
bunches. lonas were not largely exhibited, and speci¬ 
mens were generally rather Inferior; bnnehes loose and 
itrag-’llng, and Imperftctly rijicned. A few fair bunches 
from Lockport, X. Y.. and from Erie Co., Ohio, were the 
beat on exhibition, tolerably well ripened, but not equal 
to samples showu in former years. Reports in discussion 
and from private sources Indicated tliat tills variety had 
not generally met the expectations of planters. A few 
handsome, compact clusters of Israella and Adirundac 
were exhibited, about equal to those shown on former 
occasions. Dianas of remarkable size and excellence, 
with very hea\'y shouldered, compact bnnehes, bcautl- 
fhlly colored, were shown, both from the Lake Shore re¬ 
gion, and also from Crooked Lake, N. Y, The Detroit 
grape was again on exhibition; but It was difficult to see 
any material dilference between It and the Catawba, 
though the specimens shown were a little smaller, and the 
bnnehes a little more compact than the average of Cataw- 
bas. The general Impression seemed to be that It ico» 
the Catawba, grown with some ihvorablc advantages of 
location or position. The Lydia was represented by 
some fair specimens; bnnehes medium, compact; quality 
good. Cuyahoga vvas also shown of rather better quality 
than for two or three years pa-sL Several plates of Re¬ 
beccas from the vicinity of Cleveland were very hand¬ 
some ; bnnehes large, compact, and fine. The sandy soil 
of that region seems well adapted to the growth of this 
variety. The Lorain grape n-as again on exhibition this 
season ; a very handsome grape, closely resembling the 
foreign white Chasselas, though Its foliage is decidedly 
native. Bunch medium to largo; berry large, slightly 
oval, semi-transparent; slightly pulpy, with pU-asant 
sub-acid ILivor. A seedling, evidently from the Dcla- 
^if^re, originated at Dnnsvlllc, X. Y., received the first 
premium for best unnamod seedling native grape. It re¬ 
sembles the Delaware In color and general appearance; 
berries about the same size, bunches smaller; more 
pulpy; pleasant flavor, but quite strong, foxy odor. In 
no respect superior to Delaware. In addition to the sin¬ 
gle cane of Delaware before mentioned, very fine canes 
of Catawba, Isalrelta, Concord, Diana, and some others, 
were exhibited. Indicating extraonllnary productiveness, 
with great size and beauty of bunches and berries. The 
Walter was not on exhibition—Its originator being, per¬ 
haps, belter satisfied with publishing picture exaggera¬ 
ting It about /our time* larger than any specimens yet ex¬ 
hibited. Rogers’ Hybrids were not largely represented, 
and the specimens were mostly rather Indllferent. Some 
fins No. 15, were on exhibition from Cleveland. No other 
numbers were shown worthy of special notko. The 
Wines on exhibition were good samples of still and 
sparkling, of various klnd.s. though generally not of any 
remarkable excellence above those exhibited In former 
years. 8ome Ives’ Seedling wine fttjm Cincinnati re¬ 
ceived special attention, and was really a fine, red wine 
of high character. Some pure sparkling Delaware, bottled 
during natural fermentation, and without the addition of 
■ngar, was also regarded as very superior. 
Xlic CJrap© Exhibition at 315 
Broadway.— The occupancy of the new office was 
fitly “solemnized” as the French say, by a magnificent 
show of native grapes.—a display that would be fine at 
rfhy season, bnt at the late date of Oct. filth was some¬ 
thing remarkable. 
As no general notice was given of onr Intention to hold 
an exhibition, some explanation is due to the many 
friends who were unable to participate In It. After onr 
October Issue ha<l gone to press, we recrivetl an applica¬ 
tion from Mr. Knox for permission to show his grapes at 
our new office, on Oct. ITth ; this was readily acceded to, 
bnt the carpenters’ work being delayed, the time was 
postponed to the 2tth. As it was too late to extend a 
general Invitation to grape-growers, we sent circulars by 
mall to such a.s we thought might bd able to get their fruit 
here in time, and these were responded to by a sufficient 
number to make up, in addition to Mr. Knox’s collection, 
one of the finest displays ever seen in the city. In addi¬ 
tion to the fruit, there was a large exhibition of vines, 
which gave an opportnnlty for comparing the products of 
dlflerent nurseries. Although we did not ask for contri¬ 
butions of wines, or other fruits than grapes, a few speci¬ 
mens of each were brought In, and are noticed elsewhere. 
In this exhibition no prizes were offered and no determi¬ 
nations made by any other committee than the public. 
Each exhibitor was at liberty to advocate his own fruits 
or vines—a plan which seemed to bo satisfactory to all 
concerned. At the exhibitions of the Imperial Ilortlcnl- 
tnral Society of France there are no prizes offered, and 
the same thing Is being advocated in England. From onr 
experience in October, we feci sure that It will bring out 
a larger number of contributors, and on the whole avoid 
much dissatisfaction. At the late meeting of the Lake 
Shore Orape-growers’ Association, there were 25 samples 
of Catawba so nearly alike, that the committee excused 
Itaolf for iU award on the plea that It must be made to 
somebody, and regretted that they had no more premiums 
to give to others equally deserving with the recipient. 
The exhibition was open for three days, and was each 
day visited by thonsonds of Interested spectators. On 
the 25ih, at the auggesilon of several grape-growers, an 
Impromptu meeting was held for discussion. An abstract 
of its proceedings will be found in another item. Sub¬ 
joined is a list of entries In the order In which they were 
ttken by the entry clerk, and on page 430 will be found 
notes upon many of the varieties. 
J. Knox. Pittsburgh, Pa., by Ocn. J. S. Xegley: Con¬ 
cord, Hartford. Creveling, Ives, Elslngbnrgh, llerbcmont, 
Martha. Anna, Taylor, Maxatawnoy.CTlnton. Rogers’ Hy¬ 
brids Nos. 1. S, 8, 4, 5, 9,18, 14,13.19, », 80, 84, 88, 81, 88, 
39, 41, 43, 41, Salem, Rachel, Cnyahoga, Miner’s Seed¬ 
ling, Northern Mnscadlne, Mary Ann, North Carolina 
Seedling, Oporto, Perklna, Cigar Box, Diana, To Kalun, 
Union Villag®. Norton’s Virginia, Logan, Adlrondae, 
Louisa, York Mmlelra, Isahclla, Mottled, Catawba, loua, 
IsraclU, Alvey. Rebecca. DeUware. Besides samples in 
plates, many of the Tarietlos were exhibited In Wb. 
boxes. Largo fruiting canes of Concord, Delaware and 
Herbemont were shown.—C. M. Beach. West llarifo^. 
Conn.; Iona, Israella.—Jas. A. Reqna, Amcnla, N. 
Salem.—Chas. Siodbof, North Hoboken; Weehawken, 
Union Village, Jersey Black, Alvey.—Jno. W. Bailey & 
Co., PlatUbnrgh, N. Y.; Adlrondae.—L. PhUllps & 
Son. Berlin IlelghU. O.: 9 plates lona.-B. F. Hopkins, 
Brownheiro, O.: 1 box Iona.-B. Summers, Vermillion, 
Erie Co., O.: 3 plates Iona.—J. H. Rlckctls, Newburgh, 
N, Y.: Iona, Clinton, Cuyahoga, Uerbemont, Allen’s 
Hybrid, Israella, Rebecca. Creveling.-Leandcr Clark, 
Newbor^h, N. Y.: Isabella, Montgomery. DeUware.— 
Cliartes Downing. Newburgh. N. Y.: Iona, DeUware, Is- 
raelU.-J. F. Lowry. Berlin IlelghU. O.: * pUlea Iona. 
_C. W. Grant, Iona, near Poeksklll, N. Y.: Several 
pUtrs Iona, amounting In all to about 80 lbs., 5 plates 
IsraclU.— H. Cornell, Newburgh, N. Y.: 4 pUtca 
Iona —Pleasant Valley Wine Co., llammondsport, N. 
Y., by E. Van Kcnren,; Catawba. Diana, DeUware.—D. 
8. Wagencr, Crooked Lake, near Ilammondsport, N. Y.; 
DUna, and CaUwba, in fivc-ponnd boxes, and Iona.—Olm 
Brothers, Springfield. Mast.: 9 Unnamed Seedlings.— 
Jacob Newkirk, Hudson CUy,N. J.: Ra--pbcrrles.-Chas. 
Arnold, Paris. Canada; Seedlings 1. 8, 10. 5 (white.)— 
Oco.W. McDowell, Crooked Lake.N.Y.: Keuka.—Vi-NEa. 
The following were exhibited and many of them sold 
Peter Do Pew & Son, Nyack. N. T : lonas and Allen’s 
Hybrid, 1 year; the liltcr In poL—F. F. Mcrceron, 
CaUwUsa, Pn.: Creveling. Concord. DeUware, Clinton, 
Taylor. Franklln.-Rlchardson is. Bellows, Geneva, N. 
Y'.: lonas and IsraclUs, 1 year. — J. F. Martin. ML 
WMhlngton, O.; Ivca’ Seedling.—Lyman Basset, North 
Haven. Conn.: Concord and Hartford Prolific.—L. L. 
Whitlock, 37 Park Row, N. Y., had seventy cnlrioa of 
vines, showing the manner In which he unites “ all nor- 
scries In one." Wo have not space for the list, but It in- 
clndes both sUndard sorts and novelties.—J. W. Han- 
more. Newburgh. N. Y.: Salem, Iona, IsraclU, a Urge 
and fine assortment of various grades.—J. F. Dcllot, 
Sing Sing, N. Y.: Iona, IsraclU, Adlrondae, Delaware, 
Creveling, Rebecca, Allen’s Hybrid, several numbers of 
each sort. J. W’. Bailey, Plattshurg.N. Y,; Adirondac, 
1, 9, and 8 year vines.-N. 11. Undlcy. Bridgeport. Conn.: 
S^cm, Rogers’ No. 13, Rogers’ No. 19, lonas.—C. S. Ma¬ 
son, West Hartford, Conn.: Iona Nos 1 and 2. .Mien’s 
Hybrid, Israella, and very fine Iona wood.—A. F. Talt, 
Morrisanla. N. Y.: Iona and Adirondac transplants and 
Uyers, Concord layers, Iona grafted, Coocord, Isi^lU, 
Iona and Adirondac wood.—C W. Grant, lona,N. Y.; 
Iona, I year.—Besides Grape-vines, L. L. Whitlock pre¬ 
sented an interesting collection of yonng evenpneens. and 
Lyman Basset, New Haven, Conn., exhibited the CUrke 
Raspberry, with canes 10 feet high. Urge In proportion, 
and remarkably healthy, vlgoroua. and wcll-ripencd. 
Editorial Jottings in Europe. 
“....Chucow SatT Mixes, Sept *-A vivid descrip¬ 
tion of those wondcrttal mines, read in a achool-book of 
my boyhood days, prodneed a strong desire to visit them 
that has never left me, and which to-<Uy, nearly forty 
years afterward, has been gratified. At Trzeblnla. about 
400 miles south of Warsaw, on the rente to Vienna, we 
turned aside 97 miles to C'facow, which Is In Aostrinn 
PoUnd, and ahont 900 miles northeost of Vienna. Cra¬ 
cow Is an old city, formerly containing 90.000 InhahlUnts, 
bnt reduced to less than half that number since the dis¬ 
memberment of PoUnd. There arc many fine bnlldlngs, 
the relics of former days, but everything Is in a decaying 
condition. The people themselves look sad and dispir¬ 
ited, and I coald not bnt feel sorrowftil for them as I 
looked at the graves of Kosciusko. Sobleskl. and of other 
heroes, and recalled the valor of this people who stem¬ 
med and broke the tide of Mohametanlsm. when its Im- 
uioQso armies scemod about to overflow all Europe.... 
The chief Salt Mines are at Wlellczka, 7 miles sontheast 
of Cracow_A party of fifteen of us, men, women, and 
children, enveloped In long white fhicks, and flannel 
caps, and supplied with two dozen Bengal lights to Illu¬ 
minate Uie caverns, and accompanied by six guides car¬ 
rying Urge Umps, descended first UirougU the shaft 
about 400 fecL Each one was seated in a rope sling, and 
the sling ropes were arranged In two clnstcrs, one above 
the other, oU the ropes being bound together above our 
beads into one immense cable that was wound upon a 
wladlass turned by horse-power-a comical sight, resom- 
bliug bvo huge bunches of grapes, (or white ghosts) let 
down by a string. Landing upon the firm salt bed wo 
quickly cumbered out of our slings, and found ourselves 
In a largo artificial cavern, the walls of which were solid 
rocks of pure salt, bnt of a dark color. From thU point 
wo wandered somo two miles or more, descending by 
steps cut in the salt here and there, or through Inclined 
passages, until we were 800 or 900 feet below the sorlhcc, 
and we could luive gone down 1,800 feet. Above, around, 
and uuder our feet, there Is nothing bnt the rocks of sail 
as luurd and firmer than compact white chalk, but with¬ 
out any cracks or seams, save here and there a slight bed 
or layer of stone or clay. Immense rooms, balls, chap¬ 
els, a dance ball, and alurs, statues, obelisks, chande¬ 
liers, etc., cut in salt Instead of marble, were visited In 
various ports of the mine, which extends nearty two miles 
from cost to west, and over mile north and south. 
Some of the passage ways, high enough to walk In, and 
wide enough for small hawl-cars on Iron rails, were 90 to 
50 rods In length. At one point we croeoed a Ukc. per¬ 
haps 100 feet In diameter. In a Urge boat—the only water, 
or dampness even, that we met with. Our visit was very 
opportnne, as wo wore preceded by a largo party of 
wealthy gentlemen and ladles who had cansed the pre¬ 
paration of thousands of lighted Umps, candles, Chinese 
lanterns, extensive fire-works, cannon, rocketa, tliat 
echoed and re-echoed through the caverns like a hundred 
peals of deafening thunder. They bad with them a Urge 
brass band, which, on learning that a party of Ameri¬ 
cana were approaching, struck up one of onr national 
airs, as wo entered a Urge cavern. The effect upon 
ns was thrilling beyond measure. Those not too much 
affected tried to Join In “ My Country ’lU of thee. Sweet 
Und of llbcrtv, etc.”—and this, 800 feet beneath the soil 
“where KosirInsko f«n,”-away In Austrian PoUnd! 
You imagine our emotions better than 1 can doscrlba 
them I_After wandering for hours, and having seen 
but a small part of the mines, bnt enough to satisfy os 
fully, we returned to the snrUcc In the same novel man¬ 
ner m we had descended. The most timid ladles In our 
company fttUy enjoyed Uio whole excursion, except¬ 
ing the firing of the cannon....These mines have been 
worked for at least 900 years. The salt grows purer or 
more transparent the farther downward ll Is penetrated. 
In some places the workmen blast out Urge blocks, but 
usnalJylt Is worked out the same as stone or marble 
from the quarries. Great pieces are undermined with the 
plck-axc, and Ihcu split off with wedges. Thest are 
broken Into cubic blocks of a foot, more or less^ ta^e 
pUco wo saw them hewing salt blocks into the shaMtof 
barrels, and putting the staves and hoops around the 
blocks. The chips of salt were beaten Into a compact 
mass In other barrels. The salt U a government monop¬ 
oly, and the amount Uken out depends upon the demand. 
More than a million of zentnera of salt per year have 
been qaairlcd during many years past.. 
» VixxKX, Austria. Sept. «tl».... I have been pleas¬ 
antly disappointed In this city. The buildings are gen¬ 
erally In excellent style, and. except In the central part or 
the old city—the streets are wide, and all are neat and 
well kept. There Is an Intelligent look In the connten- 
anccs of all the people, an elasticity of step, and an sir 
of business activity and thrift visible on all sides, such 
as I have not seen anywhere else In Central Enropo. I 
have not noticed a single beggar here, (always cxccpUng 
the hotel employees, who crowd aronnd you at your do- 
partnre, each with an ontstrctched hand for “pour 
l)olre,”or “drink-money”-thonghyon have paid your 
bill In foil. “ service” Inclndcd.) and nowhere else hare I 
seen ao few people In poor dross, wearing apparel so 
cheap, and other articles also—excepting the charges at 
the hotels, the proprietors of which seem to be proud 
of the repnUtlon of charging higher tl»an Is done any¬ 
where else In Europe....! forgot to tell voa that for 900 
miles of the route from Cracow hero, wo passed tlirongh 
a most charming agricultural region. In clean, thorough 
cnltnro, and In good crops and abondant fruit, I have sel¬ 
dom seen a region superior U> this. Fine peers were 
offered by women at many of the stations, tlirce, four, or 
five for the kreutzcr(or V4 cent!). Largo orchards of 
heavily loaded plum trees were frequent, and so abundsnl 
was this frtilt that yon could get your hat full of splendid 
great plums for a penny or two. The Cnrcullo Is evident¬ 
ly a stranger to this region. 1 don’t wondei at the thrift 
of Vicuna, when ll la backed by such a rich farming re¬ 
gion as the long and wide Valley of the March River.” 
