GALLERY.] NATURAL HISTORY. 101 
hardness ; magnetic iron-sand. With the oxides of iron is 
also provisionally placed the crucite of Thomson; and the 
heudantite, which is composed of the oxides of iron and lead. 
Case 16. Hydrous oxide of iron or hr own iron-stone, 
among the most remarkable varieties of which species are, 
the micaceous, called goethite, in delicate transparent 
tables of a blood red colour ; that in fine scales coating the 
cells of lava; a shining brownish-black variety used as hair 
powder by the Bootchuana natives beyond the Great River 
in South Africa ; the fibrous brown iron-stone or brown 
hematite ; the compact and the ochrey brown iron-stone— 
iand, as appendix to it, the argillaceous or clay iron-stone, 
with its many varieties, such as the columnar, the pisiform 
(pea iron-ore), the reniform, &c. 
Case 17^ Oxide of copper :■—red or ruby copper ore, 
compact, foliated, and fibrous; one of the more remark¬ 
able is the bright-red capillary variety from Rheinbreiten- 
bach (in which selenium has been discovered by Kersten), 
and from the Bank mines in Siberia;—the ferruginous 
red oxide of copper or tile-ore, a mixture of red copper 
and brown iron ochre; black oxide or copper black, ge-^ 
nerally mixed with the oxides of iron and manganese. 
^Oxide of lead: —the native minium ivom Hessia (first 
described by Mr. Smithson), from Siberia, &c., probably 
produced by the decomposition of galena.— Oxide of bis¬ 
muth or bismuth ochre, from Saxony and Bohemia.— Oxide 
of zinc ox red zinc ore from New Jersey.— diodi yellow 
earthy cobalt, both called cobalt ochre, which seem to be hy¬ 
drates of the oxides of cobalt and manganese, frequently 
mixed with oxide of iron.— Oxide of uranium, or uran-ochre, 
and the hydrous protoxide of the same, called pitch ore. 
Case 18. Oxide of tin or tin-stone, divided by Werner 
into common tin-stone and wood-tin; among the speci¬ 
mens of the former (chiefly from Cornwall, Saxony, and 
Bohemia) may be specified the greyish-white crystals re¬ 
sembling scheel-ore or tungstate of lime, the regular and 
macled crystals, the pebble-like and granular tin-stone 
(shoad-tin, stream-tin, grain-tin, &c.), the columbiferous 
oxide of tin from Finboin Sweden ; fibrous oxide or wood- 
tin, a variety of which, composed of radiated-fibrous small 
globules, and marked with concentrically disposed brown 
and yellow colours, is called toad’s eye wood-tin. 
