. Guide to an Exhibition of 
were there, by Andr]^ Thevet [1502-1590], who in 1558 
described Les Singularitez de la France antarctique^ autrement 
nommee Amhique. 
THE study of Fishes was at this time greatly advanced by 
three writers who are held to be the founders of modern 
Ichthyology:— Pierre Billon [1517-1564], De Aquatilibus^ 
Parisiis, 1553 j Guillaume Rondelet [1507-1566], Ltbri 
de Piscibus Marinis^'LwgdiWm^ 1554-55 ; and Ippolito Salviani 
[1514-1572], Aquatilium Animalium Historiee liber primus^ 
Roma, 1554 p.^., 1557]. three themselves saw and 
examined the Fishes they described, and gave faithful representa¬ 
tions of them, but were more exercised to make out the names 
which the different kinds bore in the ancient writings than to 
describe them lucidly themselves. 
FOR some time subsequently the history of the progress of 
Natural History was mainly that of Botany, and among the 
more distinguished writers were :— 
Rembert Dodoens [1517-1585], the well-known botanist 
and professor of physic at Leyden, who was author among many 
other works of a Cruijde Boeck^ which, was issued at Antwerp in 
1554, but subsequently, being much sought after, went through 
many editions in several languages, including English. It was 
also issued in an abbreviated form by W. Ram, and as RanPs 
Little Dodeon (London, 1606) enjoyed considerable notoriety. 
Charles de Li&cluse [1526-1609], who travelled exten¬ 
sively in Western Europe making collections, wrote several 
books on the botany of the districts he visited, besides editing 
editions of the works of Dodoens, Orta and Monardes. He 
introduced exactitude, neatness and method into botanical 
descriptions, as well as the custom of giving references to the 
No. 28. pages of works cited. In his Rariorum Plantarum historia^ 
Antwerp, 1601, are given the earliest figures, from drawings 
made by him in 1589, of the Potato, which plant was growing 
in Italy in 1586. 
Matthias de L’Obel [1538-1616], at one time botanist 
to James L, had a physic garden at Hackney. He made many 
excursions and added a good many plants to the British Flora. 
14 
