DATA FOR THE PROBLEM OF EVOLUTION IN MAN. 
24i 
the same process—if they have not worked together, watching and comparing each 
other’s methods—may easily differ by 20 to 40 cubic centims. in their determination 
of skull capacity for the same skull, we appreciate that the errors made by our recon= 
struction formulae are not much greater than the personal equation of two observers. 
We may then conclude that our formulae will allow us to make from the us\ial 
measurements of L, B, and H a fair estimate of the capacity of a skull, which is too 
fragile or too imperfect to have its capacity determined directly, 
(9.) The next problem under this section is; The determination of the individual 
ca'paciti) from data drawn from a second race. This really involves the second 
fundamental problem, but for purposes of practical convenience I consider it here, 
justifying my application later. I found very poor results arose when I calculated 
individual Germans from Aino formulse except in the case of formula (9). This on 
the other hand gave almost as good results, as if the individual Germans had been 
determined directly from their own racial formula (9). To illustrate this, I give in 
Tables XV. and XVI. the reconstruction for the selection made at random of forty 
German skulls, and further, a reconstruction for forty Naqada skulls also taken at 
random. In both cases I calculated the capacity from the Aino formula (9). 
German formula (9) applied to the Naqada gave very nearly identical results. 
Table XV,—German Capacity calculated from Aino Formula (9). 
Male. 
Female. 
Actual capacity. ^ 
Calculated. 
Difference. 
Actual capacity. 
Calculated. 
1 
Difference. 
170.5 
1558 
- 147 
1520 
1417 
- 103 
1660 
1573 
- 87 
1490 
1458 
- 32 
1640 
1678 
+ 38 
1444 
1422 
— 22 
162.5 
1733 
+ 108 
1433 
1329 
- 104 
1600 
1545 
- 55 
1415 
1407 
- 8 
1.572 
1554 
- 18 
1390 
1405 
+ 15 
1560 
1667 
+ 107 
1378 
1330 
- 48 
1535 
1505 
- 30 
1362 
1362 
0 
1.500 
1497 
- 3 
1355 
1356 
+ 1 
1485 
1421 
- 64 
1335 
1395 
+ 60 
1475 
1506 
+ 31 
1322 
1300 
— 22 
1460 
1457 
- 3 
1300 
1337 
+ 37 
1450 
1496 
+ 46 
1280 
1289 
+ 9 
1433 
1459 
+ 26 
1270 
1276 
+ 6 
1425 
1465 
+ 40 
1255 
1314 
+ 59 
1405 
1476 
+ 71 
1240 
1188 
- 52 
1375 
1369 
- 6 
1225 
1250 
+ 25 
1360 
1532 
+ 172 
1202 
1226 
+ 24 
1325 
1388 
+ 63 
1185 
1192 
+ 7 
1260 
1280 
+ 20 
1100 
1034 
^ - 66 
Mean error = 56-7 
Mean error = 35 • 0 
2 I 
VOL. CXCVI.-A. 
