502 
PEOFESSOR 5V. N. HARTLEY AND 5IR. H. RA^IAGE ON THE SPECTRA 
A tabulated statement of the spectrographic analysis of the metal is published in the 
‘ Transactions of the Chemical Society,’ vol. 79, p. 61, 1901. An account of the 
chemical analysis and the separation of the different constituent substances has 
already been communicated to the Society (‘Proc, Pioy. Soc,,’ vol. 60, p. 393). 
Analysis of the Crude Metal and Raw Materials used in the Mamifacturc 
of Steel. 
The mixture of raw iron from the blast furnaces with molten pig iron from a 
cupola, and technically termed “ mixer inetal,” was submitted to spectrographic 
analysis. The identity of such lines as were due to the presence of foreign metals 
was proved by careful!}’ executed chemical analyses and by measurements from 
the photographs of the spectra of the various precipitated substances which were 
separated from the iron. 
i\'Ir. C. H. PiDSDALE very kindly supplied us with samples of the following raw 
materials :— 
Poasted Cleveland ore, manganese ore, tap ciiider, mixer metal, and burnt lime. 
Also a sample of flue dust from a blast furnace })lant and a sample of the old lining of 
a converter. 
These were analysed by heating each of them on a cyanite support in the 
oxyhydrogen flame for about half an liour, and photographing the spectrum of the 
flame coloured by the vapours of substances volatilised from them. The results are 
as follows :— 
Roasted Cleveland ore contains iron, sodium, potassium, manganese, chromium, 
copper, gallium, lead, calcium. 
Manganese ore contains manganese, iron, sodium, potassium, silver, copper, lead, 
indium, and calcium. 
Tap cinder contains iron, sodium, potassium, manganese, copper, and lead. 
Mi xer metal contains, besides iron, sodium, potassium, nickel, copper, chromium, 
gallium, and manganese ; also lead, cobalt, and silver in smaller proportions. 
Rurnt lime contains calcium, strontium, manganese, magnesium, iron, potassium, 
and sodium. 
Flue dust contains iron, sodium, potassium, nickel, coj^per, silver, chromium, 
gallium, lead, manganese, calcium, and rubidium. 
OUl converter lining contains calcium, magnesium, iron, potassium, sodium, and 
strontium. 
Some analyses have beeji made on larger quantities of materials, and the presence 
of some other elements detected. Rubidium, strontium, and magnesium occur in the 
part of tlie Cleveland ore which is insoluble in hydrochloric acid. Rubidium also 
occTU'S in the manganese ore. 
The tap cinder contains traces of gallium and chromium. It is well known that 
