304 
PEOFESSOE K. PEAESOX AXD OTHEES OX 
Table YI.—Hampden Beech Trees. 
Nurnher of Veins on First Leaf. 
i 
10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 
16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 
22. 
Totals. 
10 
0 
2 
7 
7 
6 
3 
25 
11 
2 
8 
35 
45 
59 
23 
3 
— 
— 
— 
- - 
— 
— 
175 
12 
7 
35 
92 
145 
261 
156 
92 
47 
15 
— 
— 
— 
— 
850 
i 13 
7 
45 
145 
394 
836 
689 
387 
199 
46 
1 
1 
— 
— 
2750 
14 
6 
59 
261 
836 
2124 
2021 
1616 
723 
243 
54 
4 
3 
— 
7950 
15 
3 
23 
156 
689 
2021 
3256 
3122 
1856 
605 
221 
20 
3 
— 
11975 
16 
— 
3 
92 
387 
1616 
3122 
4576 
3205 
1380 
437 
51 
6 
— 
14875 
17 
— 
— 
47 
199 
723 
1856 
3205 
3914 
1928 
860 
120 
46 
2 
12900 
18 
— 
— 
15 
46 
243 
605 
1380 
1928 
1882 
1278 
213 
80 
5 
7675 
19 
— 
— 
— 
1 
54 
221 
437 
860 
1278 
1248 
282 
137 
7 
4525 
20 
— 
— 
— 
1 
4 
20 
51 
120 
213 
282 
138 
64 
7 
900 
21 
— 
— 
— 
— 
3 
3 
6 
46 
80 
137 
64 
32 
4 
375 
22 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
2 
5 
7 
7 
4 
0 
25 
Totals 
25 
175 
850 
2750 
7950 
11975 
14875 
12900 
7675 
4525 
900 
375 
25 
65000 
sq 
(10.) D. HoZ/y (Ilex Aquifolium). Numher of Prickles on the Leaf .—This character 
seemed an easy one so far as mere counting goes, although the leaves were troublesome 
to gather. The leaves were gathered, so far as ^Dossible, all round the tree or bush, 
about the height at which cattle would browse, and from the outside of the bush. 
Internal and high branches (often difterentiated by being almost prickleless) were to 
he avoided. Flowering trees, and, above all, leaves near the flowering buds or fruit 
were to be rejected. These conditions could only he approximately followed in 
practice when a large number of trees had to be dealt with from one neighbourhood, 
and these series, I fancy, allow more to the personal equation of the gatherer than is 
wholly satisfactory. 
Series (i.). Somersetshire Hollies. 
I owe this series of 26 leaves from each of 100 trees to Miss Agxes Fby. Of these 
trees, 56 were hedge-row hollies, and 44 wood trees or bushes growing in moist 
places.^ The counting of the prickles was in some part undertaken by Mr. Macleod, 
* Miss Fky YTites to me; “The textime of the leaves seems rather different,— the wood hollies are 
much less stout and harsh and more often have few prickles. In fact, I rather wonder if shade does not 
affect the numher. In the few cases where hedge-row hollies have very few prickles the leaves come from 
the inside of the l^ush. I har^e carefully avoided the neighboiuhood of berries,—and what is more 
difficult of flower buds. But the holly has two flowers, one with abortive pistil and one with abortive 
stamens. The latter I supjDOse would drop away and leave no trace of their presence. But, on the 
whole, I have avoided flower and berry-bearing bushes—it is easy to find bushes without either. And, so 
far as my observation goes, I am not convinced that the neighboiuhood of flowers or the top of the tree 
causes modification .... It is very difficult to keep to a standard of counting for the tip, but I have 
tried to do so. Doubtless the hollies too are of rather thfl’erent ages, but I have avoided patriarchal trees, 
though doubtful if this makes much difference in this case.” It will be seen that in this point, as in others, 
much had to be left to the judgment of a careful observer. 
