324 
PKOFESSOE K. PEAESOX AXD OTHERS OX 
The following table gives the chief numerical results :— 
Mcdva Rotundifolia. 
Xumber of 
Mean. 
S. D. 
Coefficient 
of 
variation. 
S. D. of 
array. 
Per¬ 
centage 
variation. 
Correla¬ 
tion. 
Plants. 
Capsules. 
Pairs. 
Pairs. 
Capsules 
2568 
5774o| 
13-7000 + 
•0139 
13-66.32 
1-0407 + 
•0098 
1-0652 
7-7961 
1-0232 
98-32 
•1827 + 
[-0129] 
The actual distribution of frequency of the capsules was :— 
Xo. of segments. 
10. 11. 
12. 13. 14. 
■ 1 
15. 16. 17. 
18. 
19. 
Total. 
Frequency . . 
18 ^ 41, 
263 736 994 
! 1 
445 : 68 ' 2 
i 1 
1 ! 
0 
1 
2568 
These results amply bear out my a priori conclusions. 
The degree of resemblance of like parts has been very largely reduced. The 
variability (77961) is smaller than any we have yet come across, and the variability 
of the individual differs under 2 per cent, from that of the race. All these conclusions 
are compatible with the decreased individuality which may be expected to exist 
among the members of a group to a large extent propagated by stolons and not 
from seed. 
Although in the majority of cases (76 out of 127) I took the same number of seed 
capsules (26) from the plant, still the influence of the 23lants with fewer capsules 
is quite marked; we see that weighting with the number of pairs lowers the 
variation and raises the mean, in other words, the large vigorous plants have more 
segmentation and less variability. The distribution of segmental frequency is fairly 
uniform, and shows a marked mode at 14 segments, not the 15 of the usual 
statement. 
Section III .—Members of T17mr/s. 
(15.) Woodriiff (Asperula odorata).—I must confess that there is divergence 
between the standpoints of the botanist and of the statistician. To the latter a 
character is good or- liad according as it aflbrds facilities for fairly eas}- measurement 
or enumeration. He has first to seek such characters as a sine qua non, and then 
inquire how far they occur in undifterentiated like organs. On the other hand, the 
biologist ^\'ill readily provide a list of such characters in plant or animal life, and not 
