FLAME SPECTRA AT HIGH TEMPERATURES. 
16.9 
of lime with the bands of magnesium. The sulphates of calcium, strontium, and 
barium readily yield their spectra by exposure to the flame. 
Metals Yielding Band Spectra .—These are elements of considerable volatility, the 
lines of which become converted into bands as their proportion in the substances to 
be examined diminishes. 
The lines which serve for the detection of small quantities of the respective elements 
are the following :— 
1 
1 
Copper . 
3273-2 
3246-9 
: 
Silver. 
3382-3 
3280-1 
Tin. 
3033-1 
3007-9 
Lead. 
4059 
Mean of { 40^-6 } 
3684 
Or (3682-9) 
3639-5 
2832-2 
(3639-2) 
Thallium. 
(5349-6) 
3775-6 
Bismuth. 
4724-5 
3067-0 
Approximately 
Cadmium .... 
(3261-17) 
r5845 to 5700 
Mangane.se bands . . 
5700 „ 5645 
[5645 „ 5591 
1 
1 
„ lines. . . 
(4031-8) 
These lines are visible after the 
(4029-9) 
bands have disappeared most 
completely 
As an illustration of the method of testing for these substances it may be 
mentioned that a finely crystallized specimen of bismuth was volatilized in the flame. 
A number of conspicuous lines on the photograph were measured with the ivory 
scale and their wave-leno-ths ascertained. Thus two lines were identified with 
O 
thallium, three with lead, two with copper, two with silver, and the remainder proved 
to be bismuth lines. Copper was detected in steel. 
Metals which emit Line Spectra .—The spectra of these elements are somewhat 
complicated, taking for instance iron, nickel, and cobalt, as examples. Iron is readily 
MDCCCXCIV,—A. Z 
