FLAME SPECTRA AT HIGH TEMPERATURES. 
1055 
Plate 12. “ Plow ” 92. Vessel No. 3. Ptails. 
h. m. 
Commencement of “ blow ” at.2 57 
Appearance of sodium flame at ..3 6 
Appearance of red and green bands.3 9 
1st exposure at.3 10| 
2nd exposure at.3 12 
End of “ blow ” at.3 17 
Duration of exposui’e. 
11 minutes. 
Photographs of Bessemer-Flame Spectra taken at Dowlais Iron Works, South Wales, 
April, 1893. 
The quantity of metal blown at Dowlais was larger than at Crewe, the converters 
were capable of taking twmnty tons of metal at each charge, and the actual quantity 
blown was twelve tons. The pig iron, smelted from Spanish ore, contained about 
1 per cent, of manganese, and 2 to per cent, silicon, with from 3^ to 3f per cent, 
of carbon. The blowing was generally very rapid, and owing to this circumstance, 
and the heavy charges of metal, there was an immense quantity of fume, which was 
carried by an easterly wind directly towards the instrument. Sometimes we were 
completely enveloped in dust from the fume. The lenses became coated with dust 
and with moisture caused by the condensation of steam, and hence the flame and the 
slit were obscured. Observations were carried on with gi-eat inconvenience, which 
would not have been the case had the wind been blowing from another direction. 
Plate 1. 
The plates used were specially prepared by Thomas and Co., Limited, of Pall Mall, 
London. They were stained with cyanine. 
li. m. 
1st exposure.11 12 a.v. 
“ Blow ” stopped at.11 14 Exposure 2 minutes. 
Plate 2, 
b. m. 
“ Blowcommenced at.11 48 
Bands flashing out at.11 54 
1st exposure (30 .seconds).11 5G 
Continuing to.11 564 
Blowing interrupted but re-commenced again at 12 h. 2 rain. r.M. The bands are 
very brilliant. 
li. m. 
2nd exposure (2 minutes).12 64 
Continuing to.12 84 
3rd exposure (2 minutes).12 84 
Till.12 104 
