SOUFKTERE, AND ON A VISIT TO WONTAGNE PELDE, IN 1902. 
551 
sui'face can still bo traced, and on both sides the old valley walls are seen covered with burnt forest 
(in the middle distance). In the background a spur of Richmond Peak rises in bare precij^ices, which 
consist of lavas and tuffs in alternating series, dipping outwards from the centre of the mountain. 
PLATE 30, FIG. 1. 
Small Srcnnrla'nj Crater-pit in the Hot Sand Deposits a little narth-east of Wallihu Plantation, St. Vincent. 
On the left a channel has been cut in the new ashes by a small rivulet, which drains the slopes above. 
In the foreground a bowl-shaped depression in which a little water has gathered, and, behind this, two 
others less perfect and dry. These are produced by the explosions of steam which take place when the 
water of the stream comes in contact with the hot material in the deeper parts of the layer of recent 
volcanic ash. 
PLATE 30, FIG. 2. 
One of the Minor Bcmnes on, the South-west Slopes of the Soufriere, St. Vincent. 
A deep, narrow gorge has been cut out of the soft tuffs which form this part of the mountain. It has 
been filled neaidy to the top with new volcanic ash, which has been in large measure washed away by the 
stream, but a considerable thickness still remains. The upper surface shows well-marked terraces. The 
ridges above have received only a thin coveting, most of which has since been removed by the rains. 
PLATE 31, FIG. 1. 
The ash-covered cane-fields of the Carib Country, with, in the distance, the Rabaka Dry River pouring 
dowm in flood after a heavy shower, and sending up great clouds of steam as the water comes in contact 
with the hot sand which fills the old channel. At this level the bushes have suffered only slightly. The 
layer of new ash on the level fields is eroded by the rains. 
PLATE 31, FIG. 2. 
The Upjprr Part of the Carih Country, above Lot 14, and the Spurs and Ravines at the Base of the Soufrihe on 
the JVindward Side. 
The undulating surface of the ground is covered with 4 or 5 feet of sand, in which the I'ain has rvorked 
a feather pattern of rills. The trees are erect, but reduced to mere trunks, without leaves or branches. 
On the mountain behind, the ash on the knife-edges shines in the sun, and the forest has been completely 
overturned or destroyed. 
PLATE 32. 
The Upper Part of the Valley of the Rahaica Dry River obstructed by the Avalanche of Sand. 
Before the eruption this valley was over 200 feet deep. It is now nearly completely filled up. The 
new ash has a hummocky, irregular surface, and the stream flowing through it has cut a shallow 
channel, which in some places is flanked by inconspicuous terraces. Between the showers the flow of 
water ceases, though the ash, where it is wet, is freely steaming. In the background rise the lower spurs 
of the Soufriere and IMorne Garu. 
