18 
Records of the Geological Survey of India. 
[voL. XI. 
from Mctindani, in the north-west, to Berda they are the fringing rocks; again, 
from Kairgura to Nas^jur, and from Miithighram, on the Pranhita, to the neigh- 
houi'hood of Bijor. Near Chinur, however, there is an inlicr of Vindhyans of 
several square miles in extent. 
On the east and the north sides of this inlicr, the Gondwanas appear to rest 
naturally on the Vindhyans ; hut on the west face the former are, I think, faulted 
against the latter, us no gTOup of older age than the Kota-Maleri is seen in that 
direction, whereas, on the Chinur side of the inlier, Talchirs occur, and at the 
same surface level. The alternative supjiosition that the contact of the Kota- 
Maleris and the Vindhyans is an original one—aU the older groups of the Gond- 
wanas having thinned out—is highly improbable in face of this fact of similarity 
of surface level; and there seems to me to be further proof of the fault in the 
Godavari itself, where the Kota-Maleris are in contact with the boulder bed of the 
Tillchir group,—high and reverse dips being visible. 
It was impossible to trace the fault in a north-west direction beyond tho 
vicinity of the inlier, but on the map I have indicated a probable course. 
B.— Goxdwana System. 
7 .—Tdlchir Group. 
This, the lowest group of the GondwSna system, occupies a long bolt of ground 
along the western border of the Gondwana area; a small strip near Chinur ; and 
a few little patches elsewhere. 
Its characteristic features are well seen in many sections, but the needle .shales, 
„ , , . . instead of beinc: the most prominent rocks, are quite 
Needle shales not prominent. . ° ^ 
.subordinate to the sandstones. It was rare indeed 
lo meet with any of the former. The boulder bed, however, is strongly developed, 
and in some places is the only representative of the group. This is so in the 
case of the tittle patch of Talchirs near the boundary of the Vindh 3 -ans north of 
Naogaon. The boulder bed is conspicuouslj' exjiosed in the vicinity of Madoiam, 
and near Tandiir; and moi’e or less continuously from Kfisipur to Naspiir. In 
the Codavari river, it is seen on the right bank near Sandrapali. Many of the 
boulders arc of gneiss and of enormous size, but the generality are small, and 
consist mainly of Vindhj an shales, limestones, and sandstones. 
It is easy to trace the extension of the Talchirs northwards in the direction 
of Chinur by means of the boulders strewn on the surface; manj" of the blocks 
being of gneissose and granitic composition. Such, nhen met with, maj', I 
tinoiss boulders indicative of think, unhesitatingly be accepted as signs of the 
Tnlcliir formation. Talchir group, not a single instance of their 
occurrence in anj' of the other groups of the Gondwana .sj'stem having ever come 
within tho range of inj'- t'xperience. The doubts that assailed me as to the true 
horizon of the boulder hod when 1 first noticed it near Sandrapali were dispelled 
so soon as I discovered gneiss and granite boulders! 
'ITie boundaries of the Talchir group are almost everj'where those of original 
contact; Imt in the neighbourhood of Kasipur, and between that village and 
Akiiiipaii, there are several faults. The most distinct of them i.s the one that I 
