liecordu of the Geological Survey of India. 
[voL. XI. 
as 
Associated with these plants, I found some casts of a bivalve shell, resembling 
an Xlmo. Dr. Feistmantel was unable to determine it. 
By reference to Mr. King’s table of strata (Boo. G. S. I., Vol. X, part 2, page 66), 
it will be seen that the Ragavapuram shales, which overlie the Riijmahal 
group (Golapili sandstones) near Golapili on the lower Godavari, are placed as 
the equivalents of the Kota-Maleri group. That the beds in which the Chirakunt 
fossils oceiir do belong to the Kota-Maleri group is a point in regard to which I 
myself have no doubt. In the neighbourhood of Idlara there are the unmis¬ 
takable red clays with lenticular layers of greyish-green granular argillaceous 
sandstones,' and sandstones with clay galls, of the Kota-Maleri group. Thence to 
the south, as far as the range of hills capped by trap, there is no interruption to the 
series; and, at a short distance up the north face of the range and about a mile 
and a half east of Chirdkunt, soft, pale yellow, fossiliferous shales occur that yielded 
tho few species of ferns, cycad.s, and conifers, Ac., which were enumerated above. 
Dr. FeistTnantel’s conclusion as to tho age denoted by the flora bears out the 
determination made by myself in the field. 
Amongst tho plants at Chirakunt there is one conifer, Palissija conferta,, 
which occurs at Aiuiram in sandstone under the Kota limestone bed. Hitherto it 
has been considered a voiy characteristic form of the Ri'ijmahal series,^ but 
it the Chirakunt beds are the equivalents, of tho Ragavapuram shales, and the 
Ragavapuram shales are younger in age than the Golapili sandstone-s or Raj- 
mahal group, the vertical range of PuUssya conferta is increased. If, on the other 
hand, its resti'iction to the Rajmahal group be maintained, then an alteration in 
the classification of the rocks must bo made. The more reasonable view, however, 
i.s, I presume, to admit the wider range of Palisaya conferta. 
The same plant was discovered in 1872 by Mr. Fedden, between Mohdr and 
Balanpflr, west of Jangaon, in sandstones which 1 have included as Kota-Maleris. 
These sandstones (that is, those in whh'h plants occur) are very like in appear¬ 
ance to the Golapili sandstones, in v.I\k)x PaUssya is found. Mr. Fedden, speaking 
of these Balanpiir beds, say.s, “ They consist of fine softish sandstones, in parts silty, 
and with ferniginons bands and layers, the latter having plant-like flutings and 
hollow, wood-like casts, .so characteristic of .some of tho upper jurasaic beds of 
Kaoh. Moreover, some of the ferruginous bands have septaria-like intersections. 
The few specimens of Palissya and isolated leaflets that were found occurred in 
the finer .silty sandstone.” Mr. Fedden, it may bo noticed, alludes to an upper 
Jurassic likeness; and more than once in his manuscrij)t report for the season 
1871-72, -when desci’ibing different portions of the geology of the Jangaon river 
valley west of the town, he adverts to the circumstance. Whether these Mohar- 
Bahinpur Palissya beds are like the Golapili sandstones, or like the upper 
Jurassic rocks of Kach, there is no doubt that they constitute a part of the Kota- 
Maleri group. 
The shales and sandstones near Xaogaon (in which I last year discovered 
Palissya Jahalpurensis and Arancarites Kaohensis') are also components of the 
' These are very characteristic beds of the Kota-Maleri group. 
= See Palseontplogia Indica, 1877. Ser. II, 3, .Turassic (Liassic) flora of the Rajmahal group 
from Golapili (near Ellore), South Godavari District, p, 183. 
