54 Records of ike Geological Snrreg of India, [vor.. xf. 
Leaving now the Bhiitna river and again continuing our course up the Chinab 
valley, we find, in consequence of the curving of the above-mentioned anticlinal, 
that the latter river above Atiili cuts at first almost directly across the strike of 
the strata, through beds of garnetiferous mica-schist, shales, and gneiss. At the 
village of Sol, however, the strike has regained its normal north-westerly direction, 
following nearly the course of the river, the dift on either side being to the north¬ 
east. A little to the westward of the village of Patrali, the strike once more 
becomes almost dmectly north and south, and consequently nearly at right angles 
to the course of the river; near this change of strike we cross firstly a sjuiclinal, 
and then a curved anticlinal axis ; the strike above the latter becoming a little to 
the north of west, with a southerly dip on both banks of the river, the same strike 
and dip continues as far as Kilar; the rocks consist chiefly of mica-schist, mica¬ 
ceous shale and granitoid gneiss with bands of slate; at the \’illage of Darwas 
a rock much resembling coarse pegmatite occurs apparently interstratified with 
the gneiss ; below the former there is a thick band of a white felspathic rock contain¬ 
ing large trihedral prisms of tourmaline. Immediately to the south of Kilar there 
is a very thick band of granitoid gneiss; this gneiss is overlaid conformably by a 
newer series of bluish elates and sandstones, which we shall now trace for a 
considerable distance, and which contain no truly metamorphic rocks. These 
newer slaty rocks will henceforth be designated the “ Pangi slate-group.” 
Following these Pangi slates up the Chinab river, we find that at Sauch the 
slates are thick-bedded %vith occasional bands of splintery greyish shales; the 
strike at the latter place has changed to the north-west, with a south-westerly dip^ 
At Saor we cross a synclinal axis in nearly vertical slates, which again cuts the 
river higher up, to the westward of the village of Shell; above Saor there are 
a considerable number of bands of blue and fawn-colored sandstones mingled with 
the slates which here are nearly black and thick-bedded, or flaggy. Taking a 
cross section through the same rocks to the south-west of Tindi, we find that 
there is a descending series with a north-easterly dip across the Drati pass, beyond 
which I presume we should again come upon the underlying metamorphic rocks. 
Between Tindi and Margraon the Pangi slates contain large quantities of iron 
ore, partly in the form of the magnetic oxide ; sandstones and occasional bands of 
blue limestone alternate with the slates. Through the thick-bedded black slates 
at and near the village of Salgraon, there are scattered a vast number of imbedded 
blocks of granitoid gneiss, either angular or water-worn, and varjdng in size from 
less than an inch to upwards of three and a half feet in diameter. These gneiss 
blocks extend through a vertical rock-thickness of at least two thousand feet and 
also occur over a very wide horizontal area, being found, though in smaller num- 
bei-s, in the same beds near the village of Saor, some ten miles lower down the 
river; by following the Salgraon beds towards the south-east the same blocks 
might probably be traced a considerable distance in that direction also. 
The occurrence of these blocks of gneiss in the Pangi slates proves in¬ 
contestably that some portion at least of the older gneissic rocks must have been 
npheaved and undergoing denudation at the period of deposition of the slates, 
and that consequently such gneiss must have undergone its metamorphism pre¬ 
viously to the deposition of the slates. 
