62 
liecords af the Geological Surveg of India. 
[VOL. XI. 
I must now say a few words as to certain relationships of some Himalayan 
rock-groups, which wei'o suggested by Dr. Stoliezka, at page 141 of his “Memoir 
on the Rocks of the North-Western Himalaya.” 
It is there stated that the fi^/ra-Blini sandstones and Simla slates probably 
correspond with part of the Bhabeh grouji; if we refer to page 341 of the “ Ob¬ 
servations in Western Tibet” we find that the Lahid silurians are also supposed 
to corre.spond with the Bhabeh group. The group of silurians in the above table 
may therefore also be probably referred to the Bhabeh gi'oup, with which they 
agree in overlying gneiss. 
Referring again to page 141 of the “ North-Western Himalaya,” we find that 
the Blini group is conjecturally correlated with the Muth group ; the one overlying 
the M(/ra-Blini (Simla slates) and the other the Bhabeh group. 
In the same memoir (page 141) apart at least of the mjfru-Krol group is conjec¬ 
tured to bo the representative of the Kuling or carboniferous series, while the 
overlying Krol limestone is likewise conjecturally correlated with the Lilang or 
triassic series. 
With the two latter correlations I may say at once that I cannot agree, and for 
the follow'ing reasons : firstly, I have already stated at page 161 of my “ Memoir 
on the Geology of the Pir Panjal,” my opinion that on account of their com¬ 
position, position and relation to the older rocks, the Krol and Kiol groups are 
probably equivalent ; secondly, the Kiol group occurs at the top of the silurian 
rocks (the series being inverted) ju'ccisely in the same manner as do the carboni¬ 
ferous rocks to the north of Kashmir; thirdly, the Kiol group agrees precisely 
in composition with the carboniferous rocks of the north of Kashmir: both groups 
consisting of massive blue limestone, polychroic slates and sandstones ; fourthly, 
the rocks of the Kiol group are quite unlike the light-blue banded limestones, 
dolomites, and slates of the north of Kashmir; fifthly, no limestone occurs 
in the silurian rocks of Kashmir; there is, therefore, a fair pi’csumption that the 
Kiol group does not belong to that period, while if wo refer it to the triassic 
period, wo have no I’ocks to represent the carboniferous period. 
It is, I think, therefore extremely probable that the Kiol group may bo of 
carboniferous age. This being so, and assuming the identity of the Krol with the 
Kiol group, the former also (and probably the m/ra-Krol group) will be of 
carboniferous age. 
It may be well here to mention that in my above-quoted paper I considered 
the Kiol group as being probably partly of upper silmlan and partly of carboni¬ 
ferous age; I was led to this inference from the fact, that in many parts of the 
valley of Kashmir itself the junction between the silurian rocks of the Pir Panjal 
and the carboniferous series is often a faulted one, and I was led from this to think 
that there was a break between the two which was filled by the lower Kiol beds ; 
other sections, however, to the north of Kashmir, have shown the carboniferous 
limestones and slates resting conformably on the silurian Panjals, and have shown, 
as I have said, that the Kashmir silurians contain absolutely no limestone.* 
* At page 161 of Qiy atove-quotetl paper, tlio Kiol series is compared to the Kuling 
scries, as regards inineralogical composition ; the latter group is there by an accident stated to bo 
of triassic in place of carboniferous age j the similarity in conipositiou of the two series adds 
some confirmation to the probability of the carboniferous age of the former ; in line 14 of page 
162 of the same memoir the word Lilang should be substituted for Kuling. 
