PART 1.] Blanford: Falfeouiological Relations of the Goudwdna Bystem, 12.3 
series, wliicli underlie the rocks with upper and middle jurassic fossils on Sun¬ 
days and Zwartkops rivers, and overlie the Enon conglomerate at the base of the 
Uitenhage formation, to which succeeds in descending order the Karoo series, 
classed by Tate as triassic, but probably, in part at least, older. The following 
plants have been described^: — 
Fiuces. 
Feeo^teris AtheTstonei'\\)o^ nearly allied to P. (Alethoptens') 
P. Bubidgei ) Iiidica, a Rajmahal form. 
P. Africana. 
Asplenites (or Pecopteris) lobata, a Rajmahal species. 
Sphenopteris mdipodum. 
Oyclopteris Jenhinsiana. 
Cycadace®. 
Palaozamia (Otozamites) recta. 
P. (Podozamites) Morrisi. 
P. Bubidgei. 
P.? Africana. 
Conifer^:. 
AHlirotaxites (Echmostrobm) Iiulkus?^ closely allied to a Raj- 
mahal plant, if not identical. 
Lower GouDwiNA.—P anchet group. —If the age of the Panchet group were 
determined by the plant fossils, there can be no question, on the strength of the 
evidence adduced by Dr. Feistmantel,’ that these beds would have to be classed as 
rhsntic. Of the four species identified, two are said to be Eurojiean rhsetic 
forms, a third is closely allied to a rhsetic species, and the fourth, ScMsoneura 
Gondwanensis, though most closely allied to a lower triassic species, belongs to a 
rhEetic genus. Now this evidence, so far as it goes, having regard only to the 
percentage of similar forms, and not to the total number of species, is stronger 
than that on which the Umia beds of Cutoh were classed as lower oolitic, and 
the Damuda series as lower triassic, and incomparably superior to that which is 
said to distinguish the Rajmahal flora as liassic. Why, therefore, does Dr. 
Feistmantel in this case class the Panchets as “ representative of the highest 
trias (Keuper)” ? 
The reason is not far to seek. It has already been noticed that the relations 
of the Rajmahal flora, so far as that flora has any real connexion with European 
fossil plants, is rhastic rather than jurassio. But the Panchet flora is also rhastic. 
Now, between the Panchets and Rajmahals there is by far the widest break in the 
* 1. c. See also p. 148. 
^ This species has heen re-named by Dr. Feistmantel Rajmalialensis. No valid reason, so far 
as I am aware, has been assigned for the change. 
= Rec O. S. I.. Vol. IX, p. 65. Two forms of Olossopteris have since heen added, R c. 
G. S. I., Vol. X, p, 139, but they do not much affect the argument, as they arc said to pa-ss into 
higher beds. 
