PART 4.] Waagen; Geographical cUslrihution of fossil organisms in India. 281 
They are succeeded by grey marly limestones, with numerous Bracliiopoda and 
corals, which close the Patchum group. Above them lie limestones and oolites, 
with intermediate clayey beds (Macrooephalus beds), then clays with nodules of 
ironstonefA/iceps beds), then white marly limestones 'with. JPeltoc. athlcta, and finally, 
oolites with Asptdoc. 2 ^erarm.atum.,&c., of -which the Charee group is composed. The 
next higher group, the Katrol group, includes but two di\''isions: the Kuntkote 
sandstones, soft iron-stained sandstones, with fossils of the type of the higher 
Oxford beds ; and the Katrol sandstones, harder, partly calcareous sandstones, of 
grey and red colour, with a true Kimmeridge fauna.* * The last group that was dis¬ 
tinguished is the Oomia group,which forms two sub-divisions: one of sandstones 
and conglomerates with marine fossils, amongst which a couple of “Portland” 
species occur; the other of sandstones and shales with plant remains. Covering 
the jurassics, Stoliczka discovered, finally, a bed of oolite, which yielded two spe¬ 
cies of Aptian fossils. 
I have already pointed out, in my work above quoted, the remarkable fact 
that the type of the marine fossils occurring in Kachh reminds one much more 
of the far distant European jurassic formations than of the closely adjoining 
jui-assic beds of the Himalayas. While numerous European species of Cepha¬ 
lopoda occur in Kachh, only a single Himalayan species has been identified with 
a European one; whereas the numerous species of the genus Cosmoceras, as well 
as the great number of Aucellas, indicate a certain relationship between the 
Himalayan and Russian juras. It appeals, therefore, that two great jurassic 
regions, the Europo-Indian and the Russo-Himalayan, meet in the Punjab, and 
that they were perhaps connected with each other by a naiTow strait, as the jura 
of the Himalayas and the jura of Kachh have only five species in common. We 
know, however, so little about the geological conditions of the Hindu Kush, that 
it is quite impossible to draw any conclusion as to the extension of the jurassic 
sea in a north-westerly direction. 
This brings the marine deposits on the western side of India to an end, with 
the exception of certain cretaceous beds, which I shall consider more closely 
further on. Marine beds appear next again on the south-east coast of the Penin¬ 
sula, and they are jurassic. The sandstones and shales which underlie the South 
Indian cretaceous rocks, and which were described by H. E. Blanford as the 
Ootatoor plant beds, have long been kno\vn. Oldham- already expi’essed a most 
decided opinion, that these plant-bearing beds belonged to a system of beds differ¬ 
ing from the cretaceous system; and Stoliczka^ believed himself justified in deter¬ 
mining the equivalent Sripermatur beds by their fossils to be of jurassic age. 
It is only recently that those deposits have been fully described by Poote.^ At 
' Oil tlie character of this fauna, see also Beyi-ich ; Sitzungsber Akad. d. Wiss., Berlin. Sitzuiig 
voin. 8 Marz. 1877, p. 97. 
- Oldham : Note iu Bhmford’s Memoir; Mem. Geol. Surv. of India, IV. 
^ Stoliczka: Records Geol. Surv. of India, I, p. 59, 
* Foote :^Mcm. Geol. Surv. of India, X, p. 63. 
