24 
Records of the Geological Siirceg of India. 
[voL. XII. 
as this and the Pir Panjal, always occurred in the middle of the slates, whereas 
it would he exti’emely probable that it should occur always at their base. 
Beyond this gneiss, still descending the stream, we find black slates con¬ 
formably overlying the ci-ystalline hand, while towards Kanzalwan a few of 
the Pir Panjal amygdaloids occur intermingled with the slates, showing that 
we are still in the silurian series. Leaving Kanzalwan, the rocks along the 
Kishenganga river consist of the peculiar bluish-green slaty sandstones which 
were noticed in my last paper as occiu'ring below the carboniferous limestones 
at Chandanwari, in the Lidar valley. As wo approach Gurais, these rocks are 
overlaid by blue limestones with the same north-easterly dip; the blue limestones 
are followed by blue and white limestones in bands, the whole being capped by 
white dolomites like those of Amrnath. In 1874, during the shooting-trip pre¬ 
viously mentioned, I found at the base of these limestones a larger species of 
Clginmia ,—a genus characteristic of the upper devonian. 
Prom the conformable position of this limestone series on the top of the slates, 
and from the occurrence of the above-mentioned fossil, it seems probable that 
we have here a regular ascending rock series, from the Silurian to the trias 
inclusive; I cannot, however, put in any distinct devonian group, or draw any 
arbitrary boundary between the carboniferous and the trias. 1 have accordingly 
merely coloured in the former rocks as forming a hand coiresponding to their 
average wddth in other localities, w-hich I have made to die out towurds the 
south-east, where, as we have seen, there is a faulted junction between the slate 
and the limestone series, and where the carboniferous or lower limestones are 
probably wanting. 
Near Gurais bands of a conglomerate occur in the slate series similar to the 
conglomerate of the Pir Panjal range; this conglomerate contains pebbles of 
gi-anite or syenite, similar to that of Dras, which rock must, consequently, be 
older than the slates, and must have existed in its present condition at the time of 
the deposition of the latter. Pebbles of the same crystalhne rocks occur in the 
bed of the Biirzil river, which seems to indicate that these rocks are continued 
to the north of the Tilail watershed into the higher valley of the Biirzil. It 
also seems probable, that the.se same granitoid rocks have a great extension to 
the east, foiuning the rocks on the light bank of the upper Indus at L§, where 
they are variously referred to by Dr. Stoliezka as “ granitic and syenitic rocks” ‘ 
and “syenitic gueiss” In the latter districts, they wure considered by 
Dr. Stoliezka as forming, in all probability, part of the silurian series ; there 
being apjiarently in the Le district no break betwuen these rocks and overlying 
shales supposed to be of carboniferous age. 
There is, howuver, quite a possibility of there being a hidden unconfonnity in 
the Le district, which would correspond to the unconformity at Dras, shown by 
the crystalline pebbles in the slates, and I would suggest that it may pos.sibly turn 
' Geological ObscrvatimiR in Western Tibet, p. 343, 
’ “ Scieiitilic llcfcults of Yurkiiud jUisuion ”—Geology, p. 15. 
