PART 2.] Wynne: A geological reeonnoissance from the Indus. 
107 
Numeroiis fragments of a gray (green-weathering), coarse calcareous sand¬ 
stone, conglomeratic with fragments of quartzite and white hornstone, are scattered 
over the slopes of Mirkhweli formed by this zone; its presence in situ here can 
scarcely be doubted. 
10 Very thick zone of gray Alveolina limestone, defining the basin and forming the summit of 
Spirkhwet hill. 
9. Red clays. 
8, Very thick band of olive clays. 
7. Dark feiruginous and greenish gray conglomerate, pebbles, white chert and quartzite. 
6. Compact nummulitic and Alveolina limestone. 
6. Red clay, overlying bands of dull sandstone. 
4. Thick olive clays or shales. 
3. Red clays. 
2. Strong ridge of gray limestone. 
1. Red clays and dull-coloured sandstones, a thick band, overlying limestones of similar 
kind as above-noted. 
Beneath these last mentioned limestones are the uppermost beds of the 
succession previously given, so that this part of the Sabfithu group appears to 
have a thickness of 5,000 to 5,500 feet, roughly estimated. 
From the summit of Mirkhweli, looking northwards, a fine view is obtained 
of the lofty limestone mountains, with the lower Samana ridge in front, forming 
a marked anticlinal curve, its southern side being sheeted with inclined curving 
beds of bare rock dotted with scattered jungle, while the ranges behind continue 
the northem slope of the curve. The alternation of gray limestone and thick 
softer zones is very visible, but nothing redder than the colour of the withered 
Bubber grass could be seen by the aid of a field glass. These mountains in 
XJrakzai are so high, that even from this elevation (2,000 feet by aneroid above 
Ibraliimzai, and 4,700 feet above the sea), bu£ little of the Sufed Koh, away to¬ 
wards its peak of Sikaram, could be seen. 
In the opposite direction Mirkhweli dominates all the numerous limestone 
ridges and valle 3 -s occupied bj^ the red rocks, &c., of the Kohat salt field. 
From Ibrahimzai to Hangu the valley narrows and seems blocked by over¬ 
lapping profiles of limestone ridges, one of these, north of the road, again show¬ 
ing distinctly a thick intercalated band of the red rocks between two limestone 
zones. At Hangu the latter is dark, containing but few fossils, and dips strongly 
to the north-east. Here a small valley running northwards reaches the Samana 
anticlinal bejmnd the frontier. By sending a messenger into this forbidden 
ground, I obtained specimens of dun lithographie textured limestone, some with¬ 
out fossils, but one full of Alveolinm which was stated to have been taken 
from the southerly sloping beds of the ridge. Others were of white sand¬ 
stone, rusty externally, the position of which was shown as a band along the 
foot of this Samana ridge. This white sandstone is identical with the blocks in 
the streams near Sherkot. 
The hills south of the valley at this place are rugged, jungly, and grassy 
limestone masses, evidently continuing the undulation of the Mirkhweli section. 
At this part of the valley the soil has changed colour to darker brown and black 
tints, the cause of which is not very evident. 
