PART 2.] Jfynne: Further notes on the Geology of the Upper Fimjah. 123 
Trap rocks, ckiefly intrusive and perhaps intrusively interhedded, arc found 
in the group, mostly among the more metamorphosed portions, and of similar 
dense crystalline basic kinds to those of the altered rocks. 
I have not been able to detect any organic remains among these Tanol 
rocks. 
The apparent superposition and probable unconformity of the Tanol upon 
the Attock slate group, and the presence of silicious dolomites and red sand¬ 
stones in the lower part of the former, as well as in the lower part of the infra- 
Trias of Sirban mountain, are points of resemblance which would indicate a 
connexion between these infra-triassic beds and the Tanols; but the lattei 
exhibit a thickness enormously greater than that of the group overlying the 
slates in Sirban, nor has the distinct evidence of conglomerate formed of slate 
debris been found at the base of the Tanol group, neither hai-e any fossiliferous 
limestones or other beds identifiable with the Sirban Trias been met with. 
Notwithstanding this, on tracing the Tanol group and the Sirban beds to 
the north-east, they seem to unite in one great series in the lofty mountains 
near Tandiani, sweeping over an anticlinal axis near the camping stage of Mangli 
or Manghal. The decision of this important point must be reserved until the 
Tandiani hills can be examined. 
The thickness of the Tanol group exposed in the sections from the Mian- 
khaki stream noi’thwards can scarcely be less than 20,000 feet, up to the place 
where they pass into the metamorphic rocks. Possibly some part of this thick¬ 
ness may be repeated ; in so disturbed a region it is difficult to say repetition doe.s 
not occur, but general appearances are against it. Nor is it easy to account 
for the absence of the mesozoic series of the southern hills unless they may 
possibly be partly represented by some of the dolomitic zones, or else metamor¬ 
phosed beyond recognition. (See Section No. 4). 
Far away to the north, in the Palloja heights, overhanging Bogurmang, 
I could see among the snows a basin-like arrangement of strongly bedded rocks 
as though resting unconformably upon the metamorphics. Of those the only 
specimen I could obtain was one of a dark dense limestone. Should limestones 
prevail, and the sharply scarped form of the cliffs looked as if this were likely, 
the mesozoic series may in part be represented there, or perhaps some of the 
Kashmir carboniferous or other groups. 
The Southern Hazara Series .—Of the rocks in this part of the district more 
was already known than of those to the north. The limestones of the hilly 
tract between the Attock slates and the Rawalpindi upland or the Muitoo hills, 
present an extremely confused, contorted and faulted assemblage of mesozoic and 
eocene strata, an epitome of w^hich is afforded by the instructive sections of Sir- 
ban mountain desci’ibed in the memoir already quoted. The main features of 
the whole tract are, a large development of the triassic and of the great liill- 
nummulitic limestones, the disappoai’ance w'cstward of the Jurassic (&])iti) shales, 
and their place being taken by limestones containing TrUjonice, amongst which 
T. ventricosa is a prominent form, together with some poor and fragmentary 
jA-ninioTiiteSy SelevtniteSy GrypliiBa, and small brachiopods j also the disappearance 
of the infra-Trias group of Sirban, which i.s at least no longer recognisable to 
