7?econIs of I he Geologiral Survey of hidia. 
[voL. xrti. 
A cretaceous zone seems to be the least defined of any in the trans-Indus 
series : while the original rejiresentative of a neocomian hand is described as in¬ 
separable from the jurassic deposits, an overlying sandstone of the Chichali 
section, at first conjectured to bo possibly cretaceous, is described as apparently 
rep)resentative of a rock elsewhere showm to be post-eocene. The treatment 
of this horizon of the sections, the base of the tertiary series, is perhaps the 
least conchrsive part of Mr. Wynne’s Avork. Altogether his memoir Avill in this 
respect proA’e highly suggestive to future explorers. 
By his trip throxxgli the very unfi'equented ground between Kohat and 
Thai, of Avhich an account is jniblished in the Records for the year, Mr. Wynne 
was able to complete an unfinished border of the map and description previ¬ 
ously given (Records, 1877) of a largo area of the north-Avest Punjab. 
In the introductory sketch to his description of the Salt-range fossils, in the 
SaitRaxgk: Palfcontologia Indica, Ser. XIII, fasc. 1, Br, Waageu 
Br. Waageu. proposes a veiy important change in the groujnng of the 
loAver deposits of that area. Since the discoA'ery of an Ohnhis, by Mr. Wynne, 
in one of the local groups of the sex’ies, represented as se])arated fronr the over- 
lying Productus-limestone by two inteiwening groixps in which no fossils had 
been found, although all do not occur together in any one section, it had been re- 
ceiA'ed as probable or possible that the Salt-range might contain n more or less 
partial representation of the ]jala!ozoic series, betAveen the silurian, as represented 
by the Obohis beds, and the carboniferous represented by the Productus-lime¬ 
stone. Dr. "Waagen noAV proixoses to place all the four groups in one connected 
series, AA'hich he calls the Pi’oductus-limestone series. Such an arrangement 
AA’Ould, of course, be impossible under anj' literal sense of the terms silurian and 
carboniferous, as previously applied to the separate groups. It is easy to imagine 
hoAV the Oholus may be disposed of; Dr. Waagen’s description of the fos.sils has 
not yet got so far; but he has not failed to indicate (I. c., pp. 7 and 8) that he 
considers the depo.sits to bo in succession laterally transitional and vertically asso¬ 
ciated so as to bo inseparable. 
Dr. Waagenhas contributed to the Xovember number of the Records an intei'- 
esting suggestion regarding the older rocks of the Hazai’a region. It is based upon 
some fossils sent to him by the Geological Society of London for description itx 
connexion AAuth the Salt-range fossils. Among them Avere some in a black slate; 
they Avere labelled ‘ Punjab ’; and there is some presumption that they may 
have come from the Attock slate group, Avhich has as yet yielded no fossils to our 
search, but Avhich has been provisionally ranked as silurian, partly from an 
ccprally uncertain conjecture (.?ee Manual, ]). oOO, note) regarding some fossils 
found beyond PeshaAvar. Dr, Waagen’s fossils are of a well marked carbonifer¬ 
ous type, and he points out that this age for the Attock slates AA’Ould at least help 
to clear up some very jDUZzling features in the geology of Hazara. 
Mr. Lydekker explored a largo area of Ladak to the east of his preAuous 
Ladak : observations, and soA'cral points of interest have been de- 
M>-. LyiUH-er. termined. The gnei.ss of the Ladak axis, or Kailas range 
as Mr. Lydekker now calls it (in the Manual local names AA’cre preferred until Ave 
shoitld knoAV more about Avhat Ave were discussing), Avas undei’stood from Dr, 
