14' Records of the Geological Siirveg of India. [voL. xiii. 
boundary between the upper and lower Grondwanas did not satisfy me. I was 
again extremely puzzled by fresh features in the rocks at Kaleswar, and I find 
that the Aravi-Somnapali sandstones underlying the Angrezpali outlier of red 
clays are remarkably like those of Sii’oncha. 
However, on carefully revising my last season’s work, I really see no other 
way to a solution of the question than to yield the point that these sandstones of 
Sironcha town must be of lower Gondwana age, if not upper Kamthis, then 
possibly an independent group. 
The Sandstones op Sironcha. 
For convenience of discussion, it -will be as well to write of these still as 
Sironcha sandstones. I have been led in great part, over and outside of the 
arguments put forward by Mr. Hughes, to look on these bods as of lower Gond¬ 
wana age, through having found fossils (decided by Dr. Feistmantel to be 
preferably of Kamthi ago) in rocks of Hughes’ gTound on the Wardha which 
from their lithological characters I had at once assumed as representatives of the 
Sironchas. This was near Porsa, and on a horizon corresponding to that of 
the Aravi-Somnapiali sandstones. 
I have unfortunately, with all my search, not been able to find any recogni¬ 
zable fossils at Sironcha, though there are some fragments of stalks on red 
shales bearing a faint resemblance to others in the Anaram beds. Tt likewise 
appears from the following note ^ of the Eev. Mr. Hislop that fossils of lower 
Gondwana age were once found at Sironcha. “ In the sandstone at Sironcha, 
6 miles further down the river Pranhita, there is an abundance of compressed 
stems identical with those at Silewada: so that there can be no doubt that 
the ai’gillaccous sandstone there is of the Damuda group. This sandstone of 
Sironcha is stated by Mr. Wall to underlie almost immediately the Kota lime¬ 
stone.” 
Looking on the ‘ Sironchas ’ as of lower Gondwana ago, I can then place 
the boundary between them and the Kota-Maleris more definitely than was 
attempted by Hughes : in fact it must run very much where I always drew the 
line between the Sironcha sandstones and the Maleri clays, or rather the Kotas, 
for the remarkable feature about the Sironcha sandstones is that they (unlike 
the other Kamthi or lower Gondwana outcrops to the north-west of Sironcha) 
are not overlaid by Maleri clays, but by Kota limestones. 
From (and including) Sironcha town to the Godavari river opposite Kaleswar 
there is a tolerably continuous outcrop of sandstones in the left bank of the 
Pi-anhita, in which there is not a break allowing of such a boundary as that 
suggested by Hughes in his map being continued to the Sironcha side of the 
river. The Sironchas must be considered as at least extending from the north¬ 
east suburb of the town to Nagrum O23posite Kaleswar. If ever it become neces¬ 
sary to distinguish the Sironchas as upper Ka'mthis or as an independent 
group, then their lower boundary must be di'awn at Kaleswar, though not at 
the section on which Hughes and I ultimately agreed that there was only a 
resemblance of unconformity. 
1 fro. Gcol. Soc., London, 20th Novomher 1861, Vol. XVlll, p. 36. 
