20 Ji/conli of the Cleolog'n-al Siareij of India. [vot,. xiii. 
it is probable that there is a great thickening oirt of the sandstones below the 
Ardiuni-Lankalagada outcrop. 
Certainly there are neither sandstones nor clays answering in any way to the 
Maleris between the Tondala-Chitur outcrop and the Sironcha beds, though such 
may haye been tin-own down by a north-west to south-east fault, else may 
be hidden under the Tondala beds and deposited against a steep face of Sironcha. 
I could see no trace of a fault along this line, or running from either end into 
the Maleri country or south-eastwards to Assaralli; hence it would seem as if a 
natural, though very abrupt, boundary were the simpler interpretation of this 
unusual association of the Tipper and Lower Gondwanas. 
Birt this is an association implying strong unconformity, such as might be 
expected to occur under the marked overlap pointed out by Mr. Hughes as ex¬ 
isting between the Kota-Maleris and Kamthis. 
The Ardium limestones overlie a set of sandstones which are very well 
displayed in the river bank going towards Aipeta. Proceeding up along the 
river bank, these thick-bedded sandstones are succeeded by a good thickness of 
variegated beds, and then by irregular bands of greenish-white clays, calcareous 
sandy clays and shales, and rough rubbly marly-looking bauds with recurrent 
white and light-colored arenaceous beds and other harder seams of sandstone, 
all having rather a calcareous constitution; and then there are traces of thin 
chocolate clays coming in towards the top and underneath the limestones. There 
are also beds of about a foot thick of calcareous grits Avith small lumps of green¬ 
ish and red clays. 
These ai-e very much the style of rocks OA-erlying the Kota limestones, and, 
indeed, such as appear here and there, only much less freely exposed, associated 
above and below all the limestone outcrops; but there are no signs of the bright 
red-clay series. 
Immediately north of the small hamlet of Madagam on the opposite bank of 
the i-iA'cr, there is a good outcrop of beds like those on the Ardium side; but 
tlieir ends are faulted against a stronger outcrop of arenaceous beds immediately 
under the village, in a nearly east-west line. The beds on the north side are 
much seamed Avith nearly A-ertical east-A\'est veins and strings of silicious consti¬ 
tution, the result being that the outcrop is more a series of hard ridges in this 
direction, giA-ing an appearance of bedding, Avhile close to the fault itself the ends 
of the strata are turned doAvn to the northward Avith slickensidod faces having a 
dip of 70°. 
In the absence of fossils and any very decided lithological characters, it is, of 
course, impossible to say that the Madagam beds on the south side are really of 
a different group or series to those on the north side of the fault; but they 
certainly appeared to me to have more of a Kamthi facies, and to be the same as 
the beds further down the riA-er side near Lankalagada. 
I liaA^e already, in previous progress reports, given an account of the strata 
lAuderlying the Lankalagada limestone, describing them as of the Kota-Maleri 
group. They are all sandstones Avith a few thin bands of rod clay, and Ioav down 
in them is a thin calcareous band shoAving scarcely a fair limestone flag. Now 
