PART 1."! 
King: Geolofft/ of the Upper Godavari basin. 25 
southward the same clays are again overlapped by the Anaram strata ; while 
they do not appear to be represented in the southern or Godavari portion of 
the field. 
This separation by overlap accords in some measure with what is known of 
the animal remains found in either. 
The position of the plant-remains is less clear, but that of the Naogaon and 
Anaram, and j^oi’haps of the Balanpur fossils is above the I’ed-clays, there 
being ovcrlaj) in the Anaram case. The jjlant-shales are in sandstones which 
run with the red clays up the Jangaon valley, but this, the Gungapur band of 
arenaceous strata, docs not appear to be represented on the Wardha rivei’, the 
clays there being overlaid by strata to all appeai’ance higher than the Kota zone 
of limestone ; hence we may infer that the Gungapur beds arc not co-extonsive 
with the clay series at the northern end, while they overlap it at the other cud 
of the field. On cither view of the horizon of the Anaram plant-shales, either 
as a thiuned-out end of the Gungapur beds, or as of the arenaceous zone between 
the Itial and Kota limestones, their position is still above tlie clays. I have 
endeavoured to explain the positions of the Chirakunt shales as being also above 
the clays. 
The great difficulty lies in saying where the Maleris are to bo considered as 
ending, and ivhere the Kotas begin. I am fairly at a loss in the proper Malori 
field itself, for there are no known sections giving the relations of the two sub¬ 
divisions. I think the Kotas must be considered as commencing with the Gun¬ 
gapur sandstones even though there be so many thin seams of red clay in that 
set of rocks as well as up into the limestone zones. The Gungapur beds are 
tliick, and in their constitution they point, on the whole, to a kind of depo.sition 
totally different to that of the red clay series, after which a great change must 
have taken place in the drainage system of the country bordering the Maleri 
basin; while the .successive overlapping of the succeeding deposits on the clay.s 
at the northern end of the field indicates a long period of unrepresented time 
during which the change in animal life might have taken place. 
I would then only modify Mr. Hughes’ latest classification of the upper 
Gondwanas so far as to break up his KotarMaleris into two of the groups pro¬ 
posed in my original provisional list, which are themselves also modified, inas¬ 
much as the Anaram beds are now ranged in the Kota group instead of with 
the Sironcha sandstones. 
Chikiala Sandstones. 
These were followed out to their bounds in this area, but without giving any 
more evidence as to their relations with the Kotas. However, until more is 
known of them, it will be better to leave my old correlation of them with the 
Tripati sandstones of the lower Godavari Upper Gondwanas as a very open 
question. In some respects they are even like the much newer and tertiary 
Rajahmandri sandstones of that region. My arguments as to the age of the 
Balanpur beds will show that 1 do not think they are at all recognizable by 
position as Chikialas. 
D 
