48 
Records of the Geological Survey of India. 
[VOL. XIII. 
(or Sliingo, or Singlii) La* to Yelchang on the Zanskar river, there is a conti¬ 
nuous succession of the same limestones and shales. For want of supplies I was 
unable to continno my journey beyond Yelchang, hut Triassic (Para) dolomitic 
limestone extended as far as 1 could see up the Zanskar valley. According to Dr. 
Stoliczka** the Zanskar valley near Zangla consists on cither side of contorted 
Triassic limestone (Lilang ?) overlaid by the darker Para limestone on the higher 
ranges. To the south-east of Zangla near Niri-Sumdo (ISTiri-Chu), at the Sha- 
padok.La, and the Saiji La, lower Tagling limestone (lower Lias) overlies the Para 
limestone ; these are in turn overlaid by Spiti shales in small patches (the occur¬ 
rence of the latter is roughly indicated on the maj) by yellow patches, while the 
lower Tagling is included in the sienna). I have no doubt but that the Trias of 
Yelchang is continuous with that of Zangla, with patches of Jurassic rocks occur¬ 
ring on the higher hills. I may observe that to one who like myself did not give 
the local names to the diffei-ent limestones of the great Trias-Jura of this district 
(for, as in America, the Trias and Jura are one great rock series), it is exceed¬ 
ingly diflioult to recognise these pala3ontologically different but mineralogically 
very similar limestones. General Cunningham■■* observes that limestones are 
found continuously across Zanskar from the Shinghi-La to the Lachi-Long-La, 
on the Ladak and Kulu road, where, as will be noticed below, the Trias seems to 
continue across Zanskar. I therefore conclude that the Triassic and lower 
Jurassic rocks form, with small exceptions, the w'hole of the central part of the 
gi’cat limestone ellipse of Zanskar. 
blear the village of Thonde, in Zanskar, Dr. Stoliezka says'^ that “the Triassic 
beds are sepai’atcd from the Silurian sandstones by a dark band of a greenstone- 
like rock, which I presume to bo Carboniferous.” These latter rocks have been 
provisionally so colored on the map, as there is a strong presumption from 
their position that they are rightly referred to that formation. 
The trap ocouiTiug on peaks D. 24 and 25 must be post-Triassic age, though, 
from the amount of snow, I could not examine it clo.SGly in situ. It is distin¬ 
guished from the Shargol trap by its more crystalline structure, and by the 
peculiar rusty brown w'eathering. 
Reverting once again to the presumed Carboniferous rooks, w'hich w’e have 
abeady traced as far as the village of Wanla, we find that from this 23oint they 
continue across the Choki-La down to the Zanskar river, near the village of 
Chiling; thence their northern boundary is continuous with the southern 
boundary of the Tertiaries, which we have already traced. From Wanla to a 
' Dr. Tbomsoii is said to liavo brought luimnralites from this pass (Mem. Geol. Surv. of India 
Vol. V, p. 354); this seems to have arisen from confusing this pass with the one to the north-’ 
cast of the village of Shingo neiir Kio, which is often called Shingi-La, and under which name Dr. 
Stoliezka allude.? to it when he found numinulitcs on it (sup. cit., p. 344); it is rather strange that 
the similarity of the two names did not strike Dr, Stoliezka when he wrote his paper. This error is 
repeated on page 14 of the Geology of the Second Yarkand Mission. Mr. Medlicott (Man. Geol. of 
India, p. 644) pointed out the probable error. 
** Mcin., Geol. Surv. of India, Vol. V, p. 246. 
= “ Ladak,” p. 57. 
* Mem., Geol, Surv. of India, Vol. V, p. 346. 
