50 
[vOL. XHI. 
Records of (he Gc(do(j\eal Survey oj luditi, 
the Tagalung-La and to the west of Ralla St. there occurs a synclinal in these 
rocks, consisting of the Oarhoniforons shales, quartz and limestones; near the pass 
large lenticular masses of pure white saccharoid quartzite, like that of the Pan¬ 
gong Lake, occur in these rocks. In the centre of this synclinal there occur beds 
of dolomitic limestones, mixed with some reddish shales, which are probably the 
Lilang series. Dr. Stoliezka, in his notes on the Tagalung-La > (Taglang), docs 
not notice these limestone rocks, and speaks of all the rocks as belonging to the 
mctamorphic series. 
The Carboniferous rocks in the Tagalung synclinal arc underlaid to the sontli 
by the slaty and sandy Silurians. Lower down the Zara river there is an anticli¬ 
nal, to the south of which tlic slates gradually assume a gneissoid character, the 
crystalline rocks occurring as lenticular masses among the slates. 
This gneiss and slates arc again overlaid confoi’mably to the south-west by 
the carboniferous rocks of Kio. The gneiss and slate series can bo tr.accd to the 
north-west nearly to the Markha river, where they form a wedge-shaped mass 
intruding bctw'cen the Carboniferous rockSj which here split to receive them. To 
the south-east the slates and gneiss, which form one scries, have been traced by 
Dr. Stoliezka to the south of the Indus, and across Enpsu to the south of Tso- 
Moriri and wore classed by him as the equivalents of the Silurian. The gneiss is 
dark-colored, and vci’y generally porphyritic, with large crystals, often 3 or 
4 inches in length, of gray orthoclasc. It is qiiitc different in character 
from the white gneiss of the Kailas range, and when non-jiorphjritic is very like 
the altered Silurians of Tanksc. As the Rupsu slates and gneiss directly undcrlio 
strata which are certainly not newer than Carboniferous they must probably be 
of Silurian ago, as suggested by Dr. Stoliezka, and consequently the equivalents 
of the slates of Dras and Tiinkse. It will be noticed that the strike of the 
altered Rupsu Silurians is continuous with that of the unaltered Silurians of 
Lama Xuru, and the two probably belong to the same band. 
To the south-west of the Silurians of Rupsu the Carboniferous rocks, which, 
as wo have seen, split near the head of the Markha river, form a continuous^band 
of nearly the same width, which I have traced to the south-east of the IvLuig- 
Chii plain, whence the same band has been traced by Dr. Stoliezka in a south¬ 
easterly and southerly direction into Sjjiti, and which, as before said, to the south¬ 
west of Tso Moriri, underlies the Lilang limestone. 
At Kiang-Chutho Carboniferous rocks consist of shales, frequently containing 
crystals of pja-itc, like those of Kio, and alternating with large lenticular masses 
of blue quaidziferous limestones; these arc succeeded by banded limestones, 
alternating with highly carbonaceous shales. These shales continue for some di.s- 
tance in a V-shaped hollow up the valley leading to the Lachi-Long La; they are 
succeeded by blue, buff, and white limestones and dolomites which, with the occa¬ 
sional exceptions of small patches of carhonifcroiis shales appearing beneath them 
in the valleys, continue to near Lingti. Near the top of the Lclchi-Long pass 
there seems to be an anticlinal of Carboniferous shales undoilyirig the dolomites. 
In these limes!ones and dolomites there arc seen numerous sections of Me<jnlodon 
'Horn. Ocol. Surv. Iiutui, Vol, V., p. 313. 
