PART ].] T.i/iJelther : Cieology of LuMh ami Neitjlihourwg Dulficts. 
51 
and Bicerocardmvi, and most of the rocks may kc taken as tko equivalents both 
of the Lilang and Para limestones : ‘ fragments of a Lima arc not uncommon ; 
and corals and crinoids arc extremely common in those rocks. The thickness of 
this dolomitic series is at least 3,000 feet near the Lachi-La. In the Lingti valley 
the Para limestone with Bicerocanlmvi occupies the upper part of the hills, 
underlaid by the Lilang limestone; the rocks have hero nndorgono immense 
contortions and foldings. To the south-west of Lingti the Triassic rocks aro 
underlaid by blue and reddish shales, with white qnartziics and blue limestones: 
from their position and composition I have little doirbt but that they ai’c mainly 
Cai’boniferous ; patches of similar rocks, with Vmhictus and Sf rifoi', wore noticed 
by Dr. Stoliczka^ to the south-east of Lingti (Tsiirap valley), underlying tbe 
Lilang limestone near Lamagnru (Yuroo. Stoliezka). I have ti’accd the Carboni¬ 
ferous and Triassic rooks a considerable distance to the north-west of Lingti, and 
they aro doubtless continuous with the corre.sponding rocks near Zangla, mapped 
by Dr. Stoliezka, overlying the Silurians of Padam. 
To the south-east of Lingti, Dr. Stoliezka^ observes that above the Lilang 
limestone at the bottom of the valley, the gTeator part of the Tsarap valley con¬ 
sists of the Pai’a limestone full of Diceroaardiwn hiinalayonse and Bleg alodou 
telqueter. The Para limestone in this district is of a light-blue color, with a 
marbling of white ; it is very different from the white dolomites of the Dras river, 
which Dr. Stoliezka correlates with it; the Triassic rocks, however, appear to 
me to vary very considei'ably in composition. In the ujipcr part of the Tad- 
rap valley, according to Dr. Stoliezka, the higher hills consist of the lower 
Tagling limestone (lower Lias ?) with TercbmtulcE and RlignehonelJce : the sum¬ 
mit of the Paugpo-Ld consists also of the same limestone, while the higher ridges 
near the pass ai’c cap 2 >cd with Spiti shales, and Gieumal sandstones (upper Juras¬ 
sic) ; and fragments of the Chikkim (Cretaceous) limestone were also found in 
the neighbourhood; these rock.s must apparently rest uuconformably on the lower 
Tagling. To the north of the Pangjjo-La the lower Tagling limestone, accord¬ 
ing to the same authority, forms the prevailing rock, underlaid for a short dis¬ 
tance by the Para limestone, which appears to bo greatly dovelof)ed to the south¬ 
east. Near Khiang-Shisha the limestone belongs chiefly to the Lilang group, and 
* There may probably be reiiresentatives of the lower Lias (lower Tagling) on some of the 
liighor hills. On l)age 38 of volume XXII of the Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 
Mr. Davidson in describing some fossils collected by Colonel (then Captain) Godwin-Austen, 
mentions some Brachiopods, said to have been obtained in a light gray limestone “ neiu" Lacholung- 
La, north side, in the Suru country in Thibet.” In Suru there is no Lacholung-La that I am 
aware of, and I think the place referred to must be the Laohi-Long La in llupsu. Tlie said 
fossils aro either Jurassic or Cretaceon.s, and if the above determination of loc.ality be correct, 
rocks of one or other of these systems must occur probably on the higher peaks around the 
Lachi-Long. The crest of the pass shows carbonaceous shales in an anticlinal which I think are 
certainly Carboniferous, and undoubted Trias rocks with Megulodon occur near by. If tlie patches 
of jiewer rocks exist near the |)ass, they would be on the strike of similar rooks noticed by 
Stoliezka on the heights above the Pangpo La. 
^ Mem. Geo. Surv. of India, Vol. V, p. 342. 
^ Ibid, —I was prevented by want of supplies from examining tins country mere closely. 
