110 Becords of iJic Geological Purvey (f India. [vol. xiit. 
and the wrinkles or folds run across it and join with those of the other side. In 
a larger fragment of a body-chamber, which I refer to this species (fig. 1), the 
back is smooth, and the wrinkles or folds show only near the umbilical side. 
The lobes are simple; the projection of the preceding whorl intersects the 
second lateral lobe near the outer walljof the second lateral saddle ; the siphonal 
lobe is much wider than high, with a moderately high siphonal saddle, separated 
by the siphon. The external saddle is about as high as wide. The first lateral 
lobe is very deep and narrow, followed by a high first lateral saddle, bent 
inwards. The second lateral lobe is narrow and reaches only half as low as 
the fii'st one. The second lateral saddle resembles in shape and height the first 
one, followed by a lobe of about the same depth as the last one, situated at the 
umbilical margin. The internal sutures are very simple. A deep bipartite 
antisiphonal lobe is accompanied by a rounded low saddle on each side. The 
margins of all the saddles are entme and the arches of the lobes very finely 
serrated, and in younger specimens and the inner whorls of others, often entiie. 
Some fragments of young individuals resemble in general shape this species, 
but show slight deviations in the lobe-line (fig. 7). 
Both in general shape and number, and an-angement (though not shape) of 
the lobe-lines, this species closely resembles the Lytoceratite genera {Monoyliyl- 
iites and PhylJoceras) of the hluschelkalk and Hallstadt respectively, and may 
be said to be an earlier stage of these forms. 
The earliest appearance of a form belonging to the chain of which the 
above species is only a link may be said to be Goniatites holiemicus, Barr., from 
the Silurian, and can be traced through a variety of allied species to the Devonian 
of Nassau, whore wo find in Goniatites mquahilis, Beyr., an exact likeness of 
our Himalayan species. Both section of shelD, general characters and striation, 
agree perfectly, and there is a strong resemblance even in the lobe-line. The 
external saddle is rudimentary, as is also the second lateral saddle, which is 
moved nearer the umbilical margin. But there, as in our species, \\e find a 
strongly developed and large first lateral lobe, with a bend towards the inner 
side, closely resembling the later Himalayan species. We have here connecting 
links of a long chain of forms beginning already in Silurian times and reaching 
probably high up in the cretaceous series, thus : 
Silm-ian : Goniatites hohemicus, Ifevv., etc. etc. 
I 
Devonian ; Goniatites ceqnahilis, Beyr. 
J.owev Trias : Ophiceras, etc. etc. 
I 
Musclielkalk : MonopTiyllites. 
Hallstarlt: I’hplloceras. 
etc. etc. 
’ Sandbei'ger's Rhein. Verst,, Taf. t !1, fig. 10- 
