191 
PART 3.J FeislMaiitel: Correlation oj Ute Oovdwana Flora. 
cycadeaceous nature) ■\vitli the CycaJeacece, together with well-known cycadea- 
ceous genera, such as Gtenophylluni, Diooniies, and Poiloza/inites; in the first 
instance these leaves (^Rhiptozanutes') which are described as pinnate (I used for 
the Indian leaves the expression foliiS hiseruilihas')^ arc compared with forms of 
Podozamites, as I also had done with the Indian leaves, before Prof. Sohmal- 
hausen’s paper was in my hands. ‘ 
The Siberian leaves are described as deciduous, being generally found as single 
leaves; this certainly was also the case with the Indian forms, as all the leaves 
hitherto found were detached (h c. p. 24). 
Prof. Schmalhausen also points to the uneqirilateral shape of the leaves, 
adducing this as a character in favour of the view of the fronds having been pin¬ 
nate, in which case the leaves generally met with would be the pinnulas. A 
similar character had already been observed in the Indian leaves from the Nagpur 
area by Sir Ch. Bunbury, who expressed it by saying the leaves were “ not sym¬ 
metrical, but very slightly oblique,” and I confirmed it subsequently from the 
Karharbarl specimens (h o. p. 24 and figures) ; it is seen also in all the 
specimens from the other localities, so that we may fairly use this character in 
support of the view that the detached leaflets belonged to a pinnate frond. 
Amongst the Indian specimens not one has been observed showing the connection 
with the stalk ; but there are several specimens (from the Raniganj field, from 
South Bewail, and the Satpura basin) which show such an association of two 
or three leaves as forcibly reminds us of an arrangement of the pinnulce in a 
pinnate leaf. 
W^ith this close gencrical relation (eventually identity) of RJiiptozarnltcs 
Schmalh. and Noggeratluopsls, Fstm. in view, we are completely justified in 
placing these latter also with the order Cycadeaaea, family Zamiece, and have to 
compare them, as I have already done, with the fossil Podozaniites, which is 
essentially a mesozoic and prominently Jurassic genus, known in the Upper 
Gondwanas in India, in the Kusnezk basis in the Altai (in association with 
Bhiptozamites), and in the jura of E. Siberia and in the Amur countries; also 
numerous in Europe. This cycadeaceous plant, Noggerathlopsis, is rather 
numerous in the Eower Gondwanas; it occurs in 
t Tiilcliir grouj): rare (Doogluir). 
Tue TAlcniB Division ... j Karliarbari beds; very lumierons both in the Karharbari field 
I (Nos. 1, 2, 3 scams) and in the Molipani coal-field, 
f Barakar group: Riimkola coal-field, South H-ewah coal-field, Satpura 
j basin (Sliahpur and Uinret). 
Dajiuda Division ... I Kauiganj (Kamthi): Raniganj coal-field (rare); South Rewah 
I (frequent). 
(^Nagpur district (Kaiuthis); numerous. 
This Noggerathlopsis forms in the Lower Gondwanas just as prominent a 
feature as Pterophjllmn, or Gyoadltes, or Podozaniites does in the Upper Gondwanas, 
and consequently the great break between the Lower and Upper Gondwanas is 
' Tab Indica, Scr. XII, 1, p. 23. 
