25a 
Records of the Geological Surveg of India. 
[vOL. XIII. 
From his published note (1. c.) the following passages may be quoted 
(pages 2 and 3').—“Had the boulders of soft shale been deposited in their present 
position by running-water alone, their form would have been rounded instead of 
angular. It would appear that the shale beds must have been partly disturbed 
by some such agency as that of moving ice, the displaced fragments of shale 
becoming commingled with the sand, and rolled pebbles carried along by the 
currents. 
“ From their lithological character, the Hawkesbury rocks appear to have 
been formed in a comparatively shallow sea which was subject to rapid and 
changing currents. it is on the rocks near the ancient shore line that 
wo should more especially expect to find ice-grooved pebbles, but none have yet 
been discovered. 
“ I may here remark that the sandstones and conglomerates (Gemgamopteris 
heels) of Bacchus-marsh, in Victoria, have been correlated by Dr. Feistmantel 
with the Hawkesbury series of Hew South Wales. Some years ago I assisted 
the late Mr. Richard Daintree in making a geological survey of the district in 
which these conglomerates occur, and both Mr. Daintree and Mr. A. R. C. 
Selwyn, F.R.S., then Government Geologists, in their published reports have 
expressed their belief that glacial transport had been concerned in the deposition 
of these rocks.” 
From all these notes it appears evident that there are in the Bacchus-marsh 
beds and the Hawkesbui’y rocks certain physical phenomena by which these 
two formations may be correlated: and in the 4th edition of his Remarks on the 
sedimentary formations, &c.,^ Mr. Clarke again treats of the Hawkesbury beds 
under the heading of “ Mesozoic or secondary formation and in another place 
(1. e., p. 155, Appendix XVIII) as supracarboniferous. As regards their geologi¬ 
cal position, it may be mentioned that they overlie the “upper coal-measures” 
or “New-castle beds” which represent the close of the palasozoio rocks in 
Australia. 
This correlation of the Bacchus-marsh beds and Hawkesbury rocks is of no 
small importance with regard to our Indian coal flora; for, as mentioned before, 
the Talchir-Karharbari beds show the closest relation to the Bacchus-marsh 
bods, not only from a paloeontological point of view (predominance of Ganga- 
wopteris), but further also from the phenomenon of “ice-borne” boulders in the 
Talchir and the Bacchus-marsh beds; and consequently the Hawkesbury beds 
would have to be placed also on the same horizon. This would have the 
necessary consequence that the flora of the Damuda series and that of the 
Australian coal-beds would differ in range, tlie former being above the Talchirs, 
the latter heloie the Hawkesbury beds. The case might bo illustrated thus (also 
including the South African formations) :— 
* This refers to the pages of tlie abstract, the volume of the Journal of the Royal Society, 
N. S. W. (Vol. XIII, 1879) in which this note is published not being yet at hand. 
2 Sydney, 1878, p. 70. 
