984 
ON THE SUBMERGENCE OF WESTERN EUROPE, ETC. 
There is certainly nothing to represent geologically that long period of time, nor have 
biologists been able to detect any essential structural differences between Palgeohthic 
Man and Neolithic Man in support of such a conclusion. All the evidence tends, on 
the contrary, to prove that late glacial (or post-glacial) Man, together with the great 
extinct Mammalia, came down approximately to within some 10,000 to 12,000 years 
of our own times,''' and that the Rubble-drift marks the stroke of the pendulum when 
the Glacial period came to a close, and the Neolithic age commenced. 
Explanation of Map (Plate 33). 
This map merely gives the position of the typical sections of the Rnbble-drift and Raised Beaches men¬ 
tioned in the text. They indicate the extent of the submerged area, but not its limits, and may serve 
as points of departure for more extended and detailed work. Pending the delimitation of the two 
divisions of the Loess, I have not attempted to apportion the areas they respectively occupy. A line, 
however, drawn from Brest to Odessa may be taken as a median line of a broad and iiTegulai’ belt 
traversing the countries in which the high-level Loess as a whole is most largely developed—not 
continuously, but in certain areas and at certain heights. 
* This point is discussed at length in my paper on “ The Glacial Period and Antiquity of Man,” in 
‘ Quart. Jouru. Geol. Soc.,’ vol. 43, p. 393, 1887. 
