ANALYSIS OF SOILS, ETC. 
2o7 
some five inches thick, until perfectly dry. If the 
cotton seed be not wanted, pack the seed cotton 
away in the house, to remain until a gentle heat is 
discovered, or until sufficient for ginning. After it 
has become heated, until there is a sensible feeling 
of warmth to the hand, and it looks as if pressed 
together, open and scatter to cool. This cotton will 
gin faster, have a softer feel, is not so brittle, there¬ 
fore not so liable to break by rapidity of gin, and 
has a creamy color j the wool has imbibed a part of 
the oil that has exuded by the warmth of seed, and 
is in fact restored to the original color. 
Sowing Oats , Wheat , and Rye. —About the last 
of this month, or early part of October, sow your 
oats, wheat, and rye. Grass seed may also be 
sown this month, as well as the next. 
Kitchen Garden. —Sow beets, carrots, parsneps, 
parsley, celery, chervil, broad-leaved endive, garlic, 
lettuce, large northern cabbages, roquet, shalots, 
cress, mustard, spinach, Windsor beans, lentils, and 
radishes (round and long.) Transplant celery, 
artichokes, sorrel, and split onions. Large carrots 
may be planted for seed, if not previously done. 
Save pumpkins and squashes for winter use. 
Fruit Garden , Shrubbery , fyc. —Finish budding 
and planting out monthly roses. Sow hardy flower 
seeds. Prepare beds of hyacinths and other bulbs. 
Water your plants as you set them out. , 
ANALYSES OF SOILS. 
We insert below, as furnished us by Dr. Antisell, 
Chemist to the American Agricultural Association, 
the analyses of two samples of soil from the farm 
of Richard Peters Esq, of Atlanta, Georgia. 
The constitution o3t 1,000 parts of the surface 
soil consisted of 
Moisture, . . . . . 195.7 
Vegetable matter, . . . . 73.9 
White silicious sand, . . . 630.0 
Alumina and protoxide of iron, . 94.8 
Carbonate of lime, . . . . 2.2 
Magnesia, ..... 0.3 
Saline substances, soluble in water, as 
chloride of sodium, . . 2.1 
Gypsum, and lime with organic acid, 2.0 
Potash and phosphoric acid, . . Traces. 
1,000.0 
Deficiencies—lime and potash. 
The ingredients of 1,000 parts of the subsoil 
was as follows :— 
Moisture, . . • • .165.7 
Vegetable matter, .... Trace. 
Quartz, and particles of fine sand, . 740.0 
Alumina and peroxide of iron, . 80.0 
Carbonate of lime, . . . . 2.0 
Magnesia, . 5.3 
Common salt, . . • • • 5.5 
Sulphate of lime, and potash, . . 1.5 
Lime,.Trace. 
1 , 000.0 
The surface soil was of a friable texture, and 
had a dark color. It was of the same geological 
formation as the subsoil, from which it differed 
only in the greater quantity of vegetable matter, a 
lesser quantity of soluble salts, and the condition 
of its iron, which, owing to moisture and vegeta¬ 
tion, had been preserved in a state of protoxide ; 
while, in the subsoil, it was in a peroxide. 
Exposure of a soil to the air will fully oxidate 
its iron, which is essential to be done in order to 
produce good crops. This action will be hastened 
by liming, which the land the samples in question 
were taken from requires. It may be best applied 
in the shape of marl or compost, as the ground 
does not absolutely require lime in a caustic state. 
If a compost be used, bones might enter into its 
composition, which also contain a large proportion 
of phosphoric acid. Twenty bushels of ground 
bones to the acre would suffice for a good grain or 
turnip crop, and for the deficiency of potash salts, 
twelve bushels of unleached wood ashes would be 
all that is required to make a fertile soil. 
THE NEXT SHOW AND FAIR OF THE NEW-YORK 
STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
We would remind our readers that the Show apd 
Fair of this society will come off at Syracuse, on 
Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, the 11th, 
12th, and 13th of the present month. Col. Voor- 
hies, the contractor, is at work with an efficient 
force in making the erections, and everything re¬ 
quired for the use and convenience of the occasion, 
which will be in readiness previous to the time of 
meeting. The citizens of Syracuse, also, are pre¬ 
paring for the reception of visitors, and every 
accommodation that the city can supply, both pub¬ 
lic and private, will be open for the entertainment 
of those in attendance at the show. 
Among the guests expected to be present, may 
be mentioned the President and Vice President of 
the United States, the Governors of several states, 
Ex-President Van Buren, Hon. Henry Clay, and 
numerous other distinguished personages of this 
country, as well as from abroad. The annual ad¬ 
dress of the society will be delivered by Professor 
James F. W. Johnson, of England, who has lately 
arrived by special appointment. Thus, the assur¬ 
ances are such, as to render it probable that the 
coming show will be one of the most extensive, both 
in point of visitors and objects of exhibition, ever 
witnessed in the United States. The premiums 
offered are liberal, amounting, as some have esti¬ 
mated, to six or seven thousand dollars. 
The railroad companies in the state of New York 
offer unusual facilities to persons attending the fair, 
and for the transportation of animals and other 
articles for exhibition. 
NORTH-AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL CONVENTION. 
The Horticultural Society of Syracuse have 
made arrangements and suitable accommodation for 
the annual meeting of the North-American Pomo- 
logical Convention, which is to be held, in connec¬ 
tion with, and at the same place as the above, on 
Friday, the 14th of the present month. 
Growers either of old or new varieties of fruit, 
are requested to send or bring specimens of the 
same, and communicate information of importance 
in relation thereto, directed to the care of P. N. 
Rust, Esq., of Syracuse, N. Y. 
Onondaga Salt. —The activity in the salt manu¬ 
facture has not been surpassed in any former year. 
The quantity manufactured since 1st January, is 
given by the Syracuse paper at 1,171,136.16 bush¬ 
els, or an increase of 401,488.38 bushels over the 
previous year. 
