Plate I. 
The form of the fruit varies according to the age of the tree, and this is the case with most 
varieties. The sections are taken from fruit grown by John Bosley, Esq., of Lyde, and exhibit the 
result of successive graftings from one graft taken originally from one of the old trees of the 
Fox-whelp. Fig. i represents a fruit from a tree which is the result of four successive graftings, 
the scions being taken in each instance from the tree grafted the previous year; and Fig. 2 is that 
from a tree which has had the grafting repeated five times. The outline, Fig. 3, at the end of this 
paper is from an apple grown at Credenhill in the orchard of F. W. Herbert, Esq. 
A Fox-whelp Apple of good size and colour, grown in the year 1876, yielded 7*4 drachms 
of a strongly acidulated juice with its own flavour, and of the specific gravity of 1068 ; and others 
of smaller size gave drachms of juice with a specific gravity of 1074. Mr. Knight gives the 
higher specific gravity of 1076 to 1080, which perhaps might be due to a more favourable year. 
Analysis .—The following analysis of the juice of the Fox-whelp, grown in the year 1877, 
has been specially made for these pages, by Mr. G. H. With, F.R.A.S., in the Laboratory of the 
Experimental Garden at Hereford :— 
Fox-whelp Apple. 
Density,of fresh juice ....... 1.068 
Density after 24 hours ....... 1.070 
In 100 parts by weight of juice. 
Sugar . . .' . . . . . .14.400 
Tannin, Mucilage, Salts, &c. ....... 8.500 
Water . . . . . . . . . . 77.100 
100. — 
It must be stated however that the absence of sun and the great rainfall of the summer of 
1877, made it a most unfavourable season for the growth of any fruit in perfection. 
The home of the Fox-whelp Apple, be its origin what it may, is in the deep clay loam of the 
Old Red Sandstone in the central districts of Herefordshire, and especially in the valleys of the 
rivers Lugg and Froome. The chief orchards are to be found in the villages of Lugwardine, West- 
hide, Withington, Lyde, Moreton, Sutton, Wistaston, Marden, Bodenham, Burrup, Wellington-on-the- 
Lugg ; and those of Weston Beggard, Yarkhill, Tarrington, Stoke Edith, Stretton Grandison, 
Eggleton, the Froomes, the Cowarnes, and the other villages on the Froome, are seldom without a 
few old trees, of the Fox-whelp Apple. 
The broad valley of the Wye does not generally present so good and rich a soil. The river 
has been so erratic in days gone by, that large beds of gravel and marl are to be met with in all 
directions, and the orchards of repute therefore are only to be found on the rising slopes of the valley 
out of the river’s reach. There are many excellent orchards from King’s Caple and Holme Lacy by 
Credenhill to Kinnersley, Sarnesfield, Dilwyn, and the Weobley district; the Fox-whelp may be 
found in any of them, and wherever it is found, it is treasured greatly for its valuable fruit. 
The Fox-whelp Apple tree is upright and handsome in growth where age has not rendered 
it rugged and gnarled. It is a slow growing tree and a shy capricious bearer, and this may perhaps 
