Plate IV. 
MONARCH, fin r 
[Syn : Knight's Monarch .] 
This pear was the favourite seedling of Mr. Thomas Andrew Knight. Of its parentage he 
was not quite sure, but he believed it to have originated from the seed of the Autumn Bergamot. 
“ I named it the ‘ Monarch,’ says Mr. Knight, “ under conviction that for the climate of England, 
it stands without an equal; and because it first appeared in the first year of the reign of our most 
excellent monarch ” (William IV, 1830). Trans. Hort. Soc., 2nd Series , Vol. /, p. 107. 
Description. —Fruit; medium sized, roundish, two inches and three quarters long, by two 
and a quarter wide. Skin ; yellowish green, very much covered with brown russet, and strewed 
with grey russet specks. It has usually a tinge of brownish red next the sun. Eye ; small and 
open, set in a shallow undulating basin. Stalk ; three quarters of an inch long, inserted in a small 
cavity, frequently without depression. Flesh ; yellowish, buttery, melting, and very juicy ; with a 
rich, sprightly, sugary, and agreeably perfumed flavour. Season ; January and February. 
The official report on the merits of the Monarch from fruit grown in the gardens of the 
Horticultural Society has already been given in full in the Introduction of this work (see page 43.) 
with Mr. Knight’s comments upon it. Since this time its estimation has greatly increased and it is 
now universally admitted to be one of our most valuable pears. 
The tree is very hardy, and forms a handsome pyramid, but its wood is slender and 
straggling. It is usually an excellent bearer, but in some situations it is capricious. Its greatest 
imperfection is the liability to lose its fruit from the wind before it is ripe. It requires therefore a 
