BIRDS OF COLORADO. 
41 
1820. Maj. Long. Up the South Platte to Denver ; across the “Divide” 
to Colorado Springs and south into New Mexico. 
1844 and 1845. Capt. Fremont. Across the State via Grand River, 
Pueblo, Denver and Fort Morgan. 
1851. Capt. Pope. Came from New Mexico north and east to La Junta 
and east to Kansas. 
1853. Capt. Gunnison. Crossed the plains to the Arkansas River, up 
that stream and its branches to Trinidad, Colorado, across southern Colorado to 
Fort Massachusetts, over the Continental divide to the Gunnison River, down 
this stream and the Grand River to Utah. 
1855. Lieut. Warren-. Just touched Colorado at Julesburg. 
1856. Lieut. Bryan. Up the South Platte to Fort Morgan and north into 
Wyoming. 
1859. Col. Loring and Capt. Macomb. Across the southwest corner of 
Colorado in passing from Utah to New Mexico. 
The specimens collected by these various expeditions, to- 
gether with the field notes of the naturalists were worked up by 
Prof. Baird and his assistants, and incorporated in the ninth 
volume of the Pacific Railroad Reports. There occur here the 
first specific Colorado references to anas discors^ aythya ameri- 
cana^ grus mexicana^ lagopus leiicuriis^ centrocercus urophasia- 
niis^ zenaidura macroura^ circus hudsonius^ buteo swainsom] 
falco sparverius^ asio wilsonianus^ speotyto cunicularia hypogcsa^ 
diyobates villosus hyloscopus^ colaptes auratus^ otocoris alpestris 
arenicola^ xanthocephalus xa^ithocephalus ^ oroscoptes montamis^ 
troglodytes aedon aztecus^ pa 7 nis atricapilhis septentrionalis and 
sialia arctic a. 
[Note. It may seem an anchronism to say that Baird 
added d. v. hyloscopits to the Colorado list, since it was not sepa- 
rated as a variety until many years later. What is meant, of 
course, is that Baird added the bird which is now called d. v. 
\yloscopus, though he himself used a different name for it.] 
1859. Baird. In volume ten of the Pacific Railroad 
Reports, in giving the list of the birds taken by Capt. Gunni- 
son’s party, Baird notes specifically as from Colorado, several 
species that were on hand when volume nine was written, but 
which are not specially mentioned there as having been taken 
in Colorado. They are buteo borealis calurus^ chordeiles virgin- 
ianus hejtryi^ perisoreus canadensis capitalist and corvus corax 
sinuatus. 
1870. Baird. Cooper'' s Birds of Californiat /. 1870,/. /dj. 
Leucosticte tephrocotis taken by Wernigk at Denver. 
1872. Allen. Bui. Mus. Comp. Zool. III. 1872, pp. iij- 
i 8 j. The visit of J. A. Allen to Colorado laid the foundation 
of our knowledge of the birds of the State. Passing across 
the plains, collecting along the base of the foothills and ascend- 
ing above timber-line on one of the highest mountains, he pre- 
sented the first “local list” from Colorado and the first state- 
ment of the vertical range of the different species. Mr. Allen’s 
opportunities for observation were neither so good nor so exten- 
