io8 
BIRDS OF COLORADO. 
588a. Pipilo maculatus mcgalonyx. Spurred Towhee. 
Summer resident; common. Arrives last of March to the 
middle of x\pril and by the middle of May has reached its upper 
summer limit at 9,000 feet. Breeds from the base of the east- 
ern foothills westward. Eggs are laid from the last of May 
through June. Goes south late in September. So far as known 
extends ev.en in migration but a few miles out on the plains. 
590. Oreospiza chlorura. Green-tailed Towhee. 
Summer resident; common. Occurs throughout all of 
western Colorado and common for a few miles out on the plains. 
Has been taken by Capt. P. M. Thorne as far east as Fort Lyon. 
Arrives the last of April and early part of May ; ascends into 
the mountains to the limit of trees. Breeds in all its range but 
most commonly about 8,000 feet; nests in May and often raises 
two broods. Leaves the State in October. 
^591. Pipilo fuscus mesoleucus. Canon Towhee. 
Resident; common, locally. All the records for the State 
come from the Arkansas Valley. It is a common resident in 
Pueblo County nesting in juniper and sometimes cactus bushes. 
Most common on the plains and lower foothills but occurs spar- 
ingly up to 10,000 feet. Breeds the latter part of April. The 
above statements are from the notes of Beckham, Lowe and 
Nash, who have made a special study of the birds of the Arkansas 
Valley. Occurs regularly and abundantly south and southwest 
of Colorado. 
592. Pipilo aberti. Abert’s Towhee. 
Summer resident; rare. There is no record for Colorado 
but that of Henshaw, who says: ‘'Though no specimens were 
secured, pretty good evidence of the presence of this species at 
the alkali lakes northwest of Fort Garland, Colo., was obtained 
by the discovery of a nest, about June 25, 1873, containing two 
eggs, which a careful comparison with specimens in the Smith- 
sonian Institution satisfies me, must have belonged to this bird. 
It had evidently been deserted a short time before.” (Henshaw, 
1875, 306-) New Mexico and Arizona this species is 
abundant. 
593 * Cardinalis cardinalis. Cardinal. 
Winter visitant; rare, if not accidental. A. W. Anthony 
writes that one was taken below Denver, December 5, 1883. 
It is a rare resident in western Kansas and common southward. 
596. Zamelodia melanocephala. Black-headed Grosbeak. 
Summer resident; common. Occurs throughout the whole 
of Colorado from the plains to 8,000 feet, and breeds every- 
