— 41 - 
fields. This applies to all kinds of farm work. In the 
larger beet fields, or where there is a lack of hands on the 
place, the work of thinning, weeding, hoeing, pulling and top- 
ping the beets is largely none by contract — by the row, or 
by the acre. 
Farm laborers there are paid $15 to $20 per month and 
board. Per day, the usual rate is $1, and board. On con- 
tract work, the rate is 50 cents to $1, per day for boys, and 
$1, per day, for men and women, the workers boarding 
themselves and often camping near the fields. A man and 
team there are paid $2.50 per day, and a man and horse 
$1.75 per day; use of seeder costs 25 cents per acre. These 
figures are used in estimates of cost later on. Many 
farmers there raised beets also in Germany. Land rents 
there at $3.50 to $6 per acre — average about $5 per acre. 
Hauling is done by the ton. About one and a half to two 
tons is an ordinary wagon load of beets. Many days over 
300 wagon loads are received at the factory, beside the 
car load lots. Cars are loaded to their visible capac- 
Very little alfalfa is raised around Norfolk and there is 
no systematic crop rotation. The following data are given 
for the business of this factory. 
NORFOLK FACTORY. 
Year. 
Tons of beets. 
Tons of sugar made. 
Per cent sugar ex- 
tracted from the beets 
Pounds of sugar per 
ton of beets. 
1891 
8185 
659 
8.0 
161.0 
1892 
10725 
849 
7.9 
158.0 
1893 
22625 
2054 
9.0 
181.5 
1894 * 
25633 
2778 
10.8 
217.0 
1895 
27204 
2486 
9.2 
183.5 
1896 
1897 
36270 
3970 
10.95 
218.0 
Their factory work began September 24, 1896, and 
September 13, 1897. It closed its run January i, 1898, mak- 
ing the season no days. The average for 1897 is 7.25 tons 
of beets per acre. These data make the sugar extracted in 
* The Grand Island factory did not run. A dry season and a short crop 
14,000 tons of beets, tributary to the Grand Island district, are said to have 
been sent to Norfolk. The drought accounts for the richness of the beets and 
for the large percentage of sugar extracted. 
