— 10 — 
sapwood of apple and many other trees and quite peculiar 
in appearance on account of its having the anterior seg- 
ments of its body (not its head) greatly enlarged and flat- 
tened. 
Remedies — This borer is usually found on the south or 
southwest side of the tree where the bark has been scalded 
by the sun and it seldom attacks healthy, vigorous trees. 
So that the protection of the trunk from sun-scald and other 
injuries to the bark will do much to prevent the attacks of 
this insect. 
If the borers get into the trees their presence is detect- 
ed by the dark color of the bark, and in such cases there is 
probably no better remedy than to make a vigorous use of 
the pocket knife for their removal. This may be done in 
the fall or winter when work is least pressing. 
The use of strong soapy mixtures and of kerosene 
emulsion during the month of June and the fore part of 
July are also much recommended, but the writer believes 
the pocket-knife remedy will prove most satisfactory. 
THE APPLE-TWIG BORER, i.linphicenis hicaudafus Ss^y.) 
Fij^. G. Apple Twi^ Borer : a. beetle, dorsal view; a', beetle, side view; b, 
pupa trom beneath; c. grub, side view; d, apple twi^- showing? burrow; e, burrow 
in tamarisk with pupa at bottom; f. stem of ^rape showincr burrow. All en- 
larged except the stems showing burrows. (Mariatt. Farmer's Bull. TO, Div. 
Entomology. U. 8. Dep of Agr.) 
