bugs are useless. I have used kerosene emulsion, whale-oil 
soap, tobacco decoction, Zenoleum and Pyrethrum, all very 
strong, and with almost no effect except to make the bugs 
uncomfortable for a time. I do not know of any experi- 
ments having been tried upon the young but presume that 
kerosene emulsion or whale-oil soap of ordinary strengths 
will kill them if thoroughly applied. 
The only other insect that troubles the box-elder badly 
in Colorado is the plant-fouse ( Chaiiophortts ^legtmdinis 
Thos). Use the same remedies as for the Apple Aphis. 
THE COTTONY MAPLE SCALE. [Pul ritniria itmunirrcfljih's^ 
Rath.) 
A yellowish or brownish oval scale on the twigs of soft 
maple. During the fall, winter and early spring the scales 
are quite flat, but, during May, the scales become convex 
and, finally, a mass of white cottony threads appear at one 
end, raising that end of the scale from the limb to an angle 
of about forty degrees or even more. In this cottony mass 
an enormous number of minute yellowish eggs are depos- 
ited, often as many as 2,000 to the single scale. It is at this 
time that the scales attract most attention on account of the 
cottony secretion. 
Fi^,^ 29.- -Cottony Maple Scale; a. ej?gs before hatching; b, egg after 
hatching; c, young larva; all much enlarged. (Filey, U. S. Dep. of Agr. Rep., 
Remedies— A thorough spraying with kerosene emul- 
sion or whale-oil soap of ordinary strength will kill the 
young lice. If the application is delayed too long after 
hatching, the scales will so protect the lice that it will be 
