21 
LOSSES FROM CANALS BY SEEPAGE. 
of the state, 40 miles in length without an outlet, has been 
put at our service and records are to be made on it, giving, 
it is hoped, information on a more extensive scale. 
The line and profile of the canal is shown in the figure. 
For the first mile the canal had a fall of 5.4 feet, in the 
second mile 4.8 feet, in the third mile 5.8 feet and in the last 
mile 34 feet. The reason for this rapid increase of grade 
is, that for the first three miles the ditch skirts the side 
of a divide, while a short distance after passing the third 
mile post it reaches the ridge of the divide and descends 
with the slope of the country which is quite abrupt. 
The soil through which the canal runs may be termed a 
heavy clay. Where the water is rapid, as during the last 
mile, the sides of the channel become smooth with the 
